OFC Instn, FTTH, FSO, N/W analysers, RFMS, Satellite, VSAT Flashcards
OFC is laid at a minimum distance of ___ meters from the center line of the road where the road land is wider
1) 10
2) 15
3) 20
4) 25
15 meters
OFC is planned for about ______
1) 10 to 15 years
2) 15 to 20 years
3) 20 to 25 years
4) 25 to 30 years
25 to 30 years
HDD stands for
Horizontal directional drilling.
HDD is normally deployed in soft soil.
The soil is categorized as rocky if the
1) cable trench cannot be dug without blasting and/or chiseling
2) having soft rocks along the path
3) both
1) cable trench cannot be dug without blasting and/or chiseling
All other types of soils shall be categorized as Non Rocky including Murrum & soil mixed with stone or soft rock.
Rocky soil
1) basalt
2) kachcha soil
3) Pucca soils
4) All of the above
basalt
HDPE stands for
High-density polyethylene
DWC HDPE pipe used for laying OFC. DWC stands for
Double walled corrugated
wherever OFC is passing over the ground surface
(exposed outside) and more prone to damage, ____ pipe may be used preferably
1) GI
2) RCC
3) GWC
GI
However, depending upon the site conditions and cost consideration one of the protection
viz DWC / GI / RCC pipe may be used
RCC: Reinforced cement concrete
DWC: Double walled corrugated
Trench depth is _____ cm in non-Rocky soil
1) 100 cm
2) 150 cm
3) 165 cm
4) 180 cm
165 cm measured from the top of pipe
PP rope is first drawn through HDPE. PP stands for
Polypropylene Para Pro
RCC stands for
Reinforced cement concrete
First choice for extra protection of OFC among GI and DWC
DWC: Double walled corrugated
The Joint chamber shall be of ____
1) pre-cast GI
2) pre-cast RCC
3) pre-cast DWC
pre-cast RCC
(Reinforced cement concrete)
The Route and Joint indicator shall be of ____
1) pre-cast GI
2) pre-cast RCC
3) stone
2 or 3
A minimum free clearance of _____ cms. should be maintained above or below any existing underground installation
1) 10
2) 15
3) 20
4) 25
15 cms
In all cases, the slope of the trench shall not be less than _______ degrees with the horizontal surface.
1) 10
2) 15
3) 20
4) 25
15 degrees
The width of the trench shall normally be ___ cms at the top & ___ cms at the bottom
1) 50, 30
2) 45, 30
3) 60, 40
45, 30
45 cms at the top & 30 cms at the bottom
For road and railway crossings
1) fluid-assisted
2) dry directional drilling machines
3) micro-tunnelling systems
4) any of the above
any of the above
mini trench dimension
1) 10 x 30 cm
2) 5 x 30 cm
10 x 30 cm
(5 x 30 cm for enhanced mini trench)
is normally carried out by cutting a shallow groove in the asphalt (better if not less than 7 cm), but without penetrating past the asphalt layer.
1) mini trenching
2) enhanced mini trenching
3) micro trenching
micro trenching
Installation of OFC over power lines
1) ADSS
2) OPGW
3) both
both
ADSS up to 33KV
OPGW beyond 33KV to 400KV
ADSS: All-Dielectric Self-supporting
OPGW: Optical Ground Wire
Installation of OFC over power lines over 33KV
1) ADSS
2) OPGW
3) both
OPGW: Optical Ground Wire
Fill ratio of the duct should not exceed ___%
1) 25%
2) 50%
3) 75%
50%
On long cable pulls, _______ may be used to facilitate intermediate-assist placing
operations.
1) handholes
2) manholes
handholes
Minimum bend diameter for slack storage
1) D> 5 x cable OD
2) D> 10 x cable OD
3) D> 20 x cable OD
4) D> 30 x cable OD
D> 10 x cable OD
Joint chamber shall be of ____
1) pre-cast GI
2) pre-cast RCC
3) stone
pre-cast RCC
diameter of 120 cm
height of 100 cm
thickness of 5 cm
FTTB, FTTC stands for
Fiber To The Building
Fiber To The Curb
FTTH can be installed as
1) active optical network
2) passive optical network
both
Home Run Fiber architecture is
1) active optical network
2) point-to-point
3) point-to-multipoint
4) uses ethernet switch
1 and 2
Active Star Ethernet (ASE) architecture is
1) active optical network
2) point-to-point
3) point-to-multipoint
4) uses ethernet switch
1, 3 and 4
CPE for EPON is
1) ONU
2) ONT
3) OLT
ONU: Optical Network Unit
(EPON:Ethernet Passive Optical Networking)
CPE for GPON is
1) ONU
2) ONT
3) OLT
ONT: Optical Network Terminal
(GPON:Gigabit Passive Optical Networking)
______ reside in the central office
1) ONU
2) ONT
3) OLT
OLT: Optical Line Terminal
Optical splitters are capable of providing up to _______ optical split
1) 1:16
2) 1:32
3) 1:64
4) 1:128
1:64
Downstream traffic I.e. from OLT to ONU/ONT
1) FDM
2) TDM
3) TDMA
TDM
Upstream traffic I.e. from ONU/ONT to OLT
1) FDM
2) TDM
3) TDMA
TDMA
Time Division Multiplex Access
PON system
1) symmetrical
2) asymmetrical
both
may be symmetrical or asymmetrical
splitter configurations used for PON
1) centralized
2) cascaded
both
APON stands for
ATM PON
BPON stands for
Broadband PON
________ uses ATM
1) APON
2) BPON
both
EPON stands for
Ethernet PON by IEEE
called now as Gigabit Ethernet PON (GE-PON)
GPON supports ______ encapsulation
1) ATM
2) GEM
both
GEM: GPON Encapsulation Method
GEM supports a native transport of voice, video, and data without an added ATM or IP encapsulation layer.
_______ operates at 1.25Gbps both downstream and upstream (symmetrical)
1) APON
2) BPON
3) EPON (GEPON)
4) GPON
EPON
(also called GE-PON)
_______ support downstream rate 2.5Gbps and upstream 1.25 Gbps
1) APON
2) BPON
3) EPON (GEPON)
4) GPON
GPON
ITU-T standard
All PON upstream
1) 1310 nm
2) 1490 nm
3) !550 nm
1310 nm
OLT to ONU maximum distance
1) 5 KM
1) 10 KM
1) 20 KM
1) 30 KM
20 KM
Line Codes for BPON/GPON
1) NRZ ( Scrambled )
2) 8B/10B
NRZ ( Scrambled )
Line Codes for EPON
1) NRZ ( Scrambled )
2) 8B/10B
8B/10B
EPON number of fibers
1) 1
2) 2
3) both
1 only
BPON ang GPON support both 1 and 2
single fiber two-way communication uses WDM technique (T/F)
T
ITU-T standard
1) BPON
2) EPON
3) GPON
4) GEPON
BPON, GPON
(EPON, GEPON is IEEE standard)
FSO: Lasers of much higher power can safely by used with 1,550-nm systems than with 780-to-850-nm systems.
T
wavelengths less than about 1,400 nm are
focused by the cornea into a concentrated spot falling on the retina, which can cause damage to eyes
FSO Can transmit at distances around ____ km
1) 1km
2) 2km
3) 3km
4) 4km
4 km
FSO: variation in light intensity caused by atmospheric turbulence causes
1) scintillation
2) beam wander
scintillation
FSO: turbulent wind current (eddies) larger than the diameter of the transmitted optical beam cause a slow, but significant, displacement
of the transmitted beam causes
1) scintillation
2) beam wander
beam wander
FSO: Severe rain may have up to _____ dB/km attenuation
1) 10 dB/km
2) 20 dB/km
3) 50 dB/km
4) 100 dB/km
100 dB/km
FSO: The ITU-T Rec. G.640 will allow the co-location
of FSO systems without interference with each other
T
_________ technology is a wireless communication system based on
the use of visible light between the violet (800 THz) and red (400 THz).
1) FSO
2) Li-Fi
Light Fidelity (Li-Fi)
Li-Fi is suitable for wireless communication in
1) long distance
2) short distance
short distance
Common network analyzers
1) Wireshark / Ethereal
2) Windump
3) Etherpeak
4) Dsniff
all of them
random timing variation is denoted by
1) jitter
2) jabber
jitter
failure to handle electrical signals is denoted by
1) jitter
2) jabber
jabber
Sniffer can capture all the incoming data when the
NIC is in ___________ mode
1) promiscuous
2) non-promiscuous
promiscuous (not restricted to one port)
(Default setup is non-promiscuous)
causes the controller to pass all traffic it receives to the central processing unit (CPU) rather than passing only the frames that the controller is specifically programmed to receive.
If ______ are used the sniffer must perform port spanning (port mirroring)
1) hubs
2) switches
switches
(not required for hubs, as all ports get same traffic)
Port mirroring is used on a network switch to send a copy of network packets seen on one switch port (or an entire VLAN) to a network monitoring connection on another switch port.
MAC address spoofing refers to
1) deleting MAC address
2) changing MAC address
changing MAC address
which of the following use encrypted headers
1) SSH: Secure Shell
2) SSL: Secure Socket Layer
3) IPsec
IPsec
It does not use TCP or UDP
IEEE standard for Ethernet is
1) IEEE 801.2
1) IEEE 802.3
1) IEEE 802.1
1) IEEE 802.11
IEEE 802.3
( IEEE 802.11 is for WiFi)
Ethernet MAC address is _____ bit
48 Bit
(6 slotsx8)
w.r.t troposcatter propagation
1) can cover several hundred kms
2) capacity is limited
3) high transmit power required
4) huge antennas required
all of them
geostationary orbit is at height
1) 32576
2) 35786
3) 39876
4) 31186
35786
as per the Kepler‘s third law.
The first truly geostationary satellite
1) Syncom 3
Syncom 3
launched on August 19, 1964.
the first television transmission sent over the Pacific Ocean.
1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan to the United States
Period of revolution for earth
1) 23 Hrs, 56 Min, 4 Sec
23 Hrs, 56 Min, 4 Sec
global communication can be made using only _____ satellites
1) two
2) three
3) four
three
The satellites normally used for broadcast feeds to and from television networks and local affiliate stations
1) FSS
2) DBS
FSS: Fixed Service Satellites
FSS: Fixed Service Satellites uses
1) C Band
2) lower portions of the Ku band
3) upper portions of the Ku band
1) C Band
2) lower portions of the Ku band
_____ is used for DTH-oriented (Direct-ToHome) satellite TV services
1) FSS
2) DBS
DBS: Direct Broadcast Satellites
Dish Antenna size for lower Ku band
1) 1 to 3 feet
2) 3 to 8 feet
3) 8 to 12
4) 12 feet or more
3 to 8 feet
Dish Antenna size for C band
1) 1 to 3 feet
2) 3 to 8 feet
3) 8 to 12
4) 12 feet or more
12 feet or more
Dish Antenna size for upper Ku band
1) 1 to 3 feet
2) 3 to 8 feet
3) 8 to 12
4) 12 feet or more
1) 1 to 3 feet
The communication satellite essentially consists of
1) Payload
2) Support subsystem
both
Payload: transponders forTx&Rx
Support subsystem: altitude and orbit control equipment, power subsystem, telemetry and tele-command (TTC) subsystem, etc
Ku Band Frequency
1) 1-2 GHz
2) 4-8 GHz
3) 12-18 GHz
4) 27-40 GHz
12-18 GHz
C Band Frequency
1) 1-2 GHz
2) 4-8 GHz
3) 12-18 GHz
4) 27-40 GHz
4-8 GHz
Min propagation delay with sat commn from one end to other
1) 120 msec
2) 240 msec
3) 360 msec
4) 480 msec
240 msec (single hop)
-The propagation delay results in echo in a telephony channel.
-multi hope delay will be unacceptable for voice.
-echo suppressors is incorporated in the earth station to counteract the echo
Altitude range for LEO
1) 150 to 1,000
2) 500 to 2,000
3) 1,000 to 5,000
4) 2,000 to 5,000
LEO: Low Earth orbit
150 to 1,000
period: 1.5 to 1.8 hrs
Satellites in mean altitude range 36,000 is
1) geostationary
2) geosynchronous
geosynchronous
(geostationary must be in the equator plane)
Altitude range for MEO
1) 1,000 to 5,000
2) 5,000 to 10,000
3) 10,000 to 15,000
4) 15,000 to 20,000
MEO: Medium Earth orbit
5,000 to 10,000
period: 3.5 to 6 hrs
w.r.t satellite commn, EIRP stands for
Effective Isotropic Radiated Power
Primary Coverage Area - 3 db contour EIRP 32 dbw .
Secondary Coverage Area - 6 db contour EIRP 29 dbw
Tertiary Coverage Area - 9 db contour EIRP 26 dbw
V-SAT ODU consists of
1) Dish
2) BUC
3) LNB
4) all of these
all of these
BUC: Block Up Converter
LNB: Low noise Block Down Converter
V-SAT IF is generally
1) C band
2) L band
3) Ku band
4) Ka band
L band
V-SAT max download speed
1) 2mbps
2) 4mbps
3) 8mbps
download: 4mbps
upload: 2mbps
V-SAT max upload speed
1) 2mbps
2) 4mbps
3) 8mbps
download: 4mbps
upload: 2mbps
V-SAT is ideal choice for
1) WAN backup
2) disaster recovery
both
VPNs can be created with
1) MLLN nodes
2) MPLS nodes
3) V-SAT
4) all
all
ATA is used with V-SAT for
1) data traffic
2) voice traffic
voice traffic (VoIP)
ATA: Analog Telephone Adaptor
VoIP telephony with add on ATA
V-SAT
1) has Built in GRE Tunneling
2) is transparent to IP Sec protocols
3) has Dynamic Link Allocation (DLA)
4) supports Video Conferencing
all of them
w.r.t V-SAT, DLA stands for
Dynamic Link Allocation (DLA) technology
which automatically adjusts modulation, coding, and gain based on the link environment (such as during rain) to achieve maximum availability
V-SAT network can be
1) point to point
2) star
3) mesh
4) star/mesh
5) broadcast configurations
any of them
All Remote V-SAT locations are having
1) public IP
2) private IP
private IP
VSAT MPLS router will work as _____ routers for the MPLS cloud
1) CE routers
2) PE routers
CE routers
VSAT Broadband (Ku band VSAT) networks of BSNL designed in a _______ fashion
1) hub- and-spoke
2) mesh
hub- and-spoke
VSAT HUB has ______ feed type Satellite antenna
1) Cassegrain feed type
2) back feed
Cassegrain feed type
VAST ___ has GATEWAY Networking Equipment with interfaces to Terrestrial Networks like MLLN, MPLS and NIB
1) hub
2) spoke
hub
A public IP address is assigned to both the VSAT network module and the router satellite interface. _______ is implemented on the Ethernet interface of the router, so that multiple clients can be connected and use the service.
1) MAC routing
2) Network Address Translation (NAT)
3) IP filtering
Network Address Translation (NAT)
VSAT services can be deployed anywhere having a clear view of the_______
1) Kepler Belt
2) Clarke Belt
Clarke Belt
Most current VSAT systems use a _______ which enables them to deliver the same content to tens or thousands of locations simultaneously at no additional cost
broadcast download scheme (such as DVB-S)
DVB-S: Digital Video Broadcasting-Satellite
w.r.t V-SAT, DVB-S stands for
Digital Video Broadcasting-Satellite
Corporate-grade VSAT networks are _______ networks over the air
1) public layer-2
2) public layer-3
3) private layer-2
4) private layer-3
private layer-2
VSATs are subject to signal attenuation due to
weather (“Rain Fade”) - T/F
True, but the effect is typically far less than that experienced by one-way TV systems
w.r.t satellite commn, DSPT stands for
Digital Satellite Phone Terminal
w.r.t satellite commn, DAMA stands for
Demand Assigned Multiple Access
used in DSPT (Digital Satellite Phone Terminal)
DSPT/DSPS project involves setting up of VSAT based network
T
The system consists of HUB Station and Remote Digital Satellite Phone Terminals working in Ku-Band
Transmit Freq: 13.75-14.5 GHz
Receive Freq: 10.7-12.75 GHz
For BSNL DSPT/DSPS, the VSAT hub is at
1) Bangalore
2) Hyderabad
3) Sikanderabad
4) Delhi
For BSNL VSAT network the Hub shall be located at Sikanderabad (U.P.)
w.r.t DSPT outdoor facilities, ULPC stands for
Up Link Power Control
w.r.t DSPT outdoor facilities, SSPA stands for
Solid State Power Amplifier
DSPT outdoor facilities include
1) Trance reject filter
2) Radar reject filter
3) SSPA
4) ULPC
5) LNA
all of them
SSPA: Solid State Power Amplifier
ULPC: Up Link Power Control
BSNL has the license for providing IFMC.
IFMC stands for
In Flight and Maritime Connectivity
with Partnership of INMARSAT
Inmarsat owns and operates the award-winning _______ service, which enables passengers to browse the internet, stream videos, check social media and much more during their flights
1) GX Aviation service
2) GX Broadband service
GX Aviation service
In the maritime sector, Inmarsat operates its (Ka-band) Fleet Xpress service with unlimited Fleet Broadband (L-Band) back-up,
T
BSNL has installed and commissioned Gateway for Inmarsat GSPS services (Global Satellite Phone Service) at
1) Sikanderabad
2) ALTTC Ghaziabad
3) BRBRTTC Jabalpur
ALTTC Ghaziabad, UP
w.r.t INMARSAT services, GMDSS stands for
Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS)
BSNL C- Land Earth Station, LES for GMDSS services is at
1) Sikanderabad
2) ALTTC Ghaziabad
3) BRBRTTC Jabalpur
ALTTC Ghaziabad, UP
GMDSS: Global Maritime Distress and Safety System
BSNL‘s GSPS (Global Satellite Phone Service) is provided thru INMARSAT I-4 F2 satellite located at
1) 63.90 degree West
2) 63.90 degree East
63.90 degree East
BSNL‘s GSPS system provides telecommunication services to predominately mobile users through _______ interface over the Inmarsat4 (I-4) satellite
1) GMR-1+
2) GMR-2+
an enhanced GMR-2 air interface (GMR-2+)
GMR interface: GEO-Mobile Radio Interface
BSNL‘s GSPS system provides services
1) Telephony Voice
2) Supplementary services
3) Circuit switched Data/Fax services (for specific applications)
4) SMS point-to-point, SMS-to- E-mail, E-mail-to- SMS
all of them
The coverage is accessible to GSPS users at or above _____ degree antenna elevation angle
1) 20
2) 30
3) 45
4) 90
20 degree
The GSPS system supports Satellite Phone Services served by a single Network Control Center-Gateway (NCC-GW) located at
1) Sikanderabad
2) ALTTC Ghaziabad
3) BRBRTTC Jabalpur
ALTTC Ghaziabad, UP
A ______ orbit is a type of satellite orbit designed to provide communications and remote sensing coverage over high latitudes.
1) geostationary
2) MEO
3) LEO
4)Molniya
Molniya orbit
