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Module 5 Week 2 > Oestrus Cycle In Small Animals > Flashcards

Oestrus Cycle In Small Animals Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cycle length of rodents/rats

A

4-5 days, each stage 1 day on average

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2
Q

What are the 4 stages of laboratory rodent oestrus cycle

A

Pro-oestrus
Oestrus
Met-oestrus
Di-oestrus

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3
Q

What happens in the 4 main stages of oestrus cycle

A
  1. Pro-oestrus—> During proestrus the CL regresses (progesterone declines) and a preovulatory follicle undergoes its final growth phase (estradiol increases)
  2. Oestrus—> Ovulation usually occurs (cows ovulate during met-oestrus)
    (Proestrus and oestrus comprise the follicular phase)
  3. Met-oestrus—> Corporus luteum develop and function at optimum during diestrus
  4. Di-oestrus—> ovaries show increased numbers of large follicles with a single, follicular fluid-filled antral cavity. Maximal progesterone produced
    The last 2 are the luteal phase
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4
Q

What stage of oestrus cycle produces the Oestradiol increased levels in rodents

A

Pro-oestrus

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5
Q

What stage does the LH surge occur at?

A

Afternoon of pro-oestrus day

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6
Q

At what stage do rodents become receptive to males in oestrus cycle?

A

Oestrus phase

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7
Q

In what occasion will progesterone production be low?

A

When there’s no mating

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8
Q

What is progesterone (P4) essential for in oestrus cycle
What is prolactin essential for

A

essential for the surge (neuro P4) and for ovulation, and prolactin is essential for luteal function

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9
Q

Diagram of rodents oestrus cycle

A

On anki

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10
Q

What stage does receptivity occur in rodent oestrus cycle

A

End of pro-oestrus to oestrus- due to progesterone rise

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11
Q

Prolactin in rodent is luteotrophic. What does this mean?

A

Supports corpus luteum formation

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12
Q

Pseudopregnancy
-in what animal
-what is it
-what does this mean to animal

A

-in rodents
-state due to prolonged function of CL (corpal lutea) lifespan due to a luteotrophic action of Prolactin pulses which occur following vaginal stimulation. Animal thinks its pregnant but actually is not

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13
Q

Name the 4 stages of the bitch cycle and how long each stage is

A
  1. Pro-oestrus—> 7-9 days
  2. Oestrus—> 7-9 days
  3. Metoestrus—> 2+ months
  4. Anoestrus—> 2-5 months (variable)
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14
Q

How long is the average oestrus cycle?

A

7 months

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15
Q

In general is the bitch seasonal or not seasonal oestrus cycle?

A

Not seasonal

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16
Q

Most data on repro cycles come from what bitch?

A

Beagle

17
Q

What does bitch anoestrus phase lead to

A

Variability in breeds as its length time is very variable

18
Q

Describe the hormonal changes occurring in a non pregnant bitch cycle

A

On anki

19
Q

What is Diapedesis bleeding in a bitch and when does it occur?

A

Slight Bleeding around vulva cause by effect of Oestradiol on repro tract during poreostrus

20
Q

How can we determine stage of oestrus cycle of bitch?

A

Using a vaginal smear

21
Q

hat brings the bitch into heat/oestrus

A

Lutenization and onset of progesterone production

22
Q

Ovulation occurs how long after surge?

A

2 days

23
Q

In al species it is the __________ occyte that is ovulated. What is the exception in the dog?

A

Secondary
-it is the primary oocyte that is fertilised

24
Q

Epithelium of vagina is…

A

Stratified

25
Q

What does Oestradiol lead to?

A

Proliferation in repro tract & vascularisation and oedema

an increase in luteinising hormone (LH) levels, which in turn results in an egg becoming mature (able to be fertilised by sperm) and released from the ovary (ovulation)

26
Q

At what stage is the bitch in her ‘receptive to male’ stage

A

Oestrus stage

27
Q

Which cells are found in which stage of bitch oestrus cycle?

A

On anki

28
Q

Compare the bitch and cow oestrus cycle

A

On anki (2 cards)

29
Q

Which species is an induced ovulator

A

Cat

30
Q

What does induced ovulator mean?

A

The GnRH surge is caused by mating (neuroendocrine reflex) instead of decline in Oestradiol and ^ in progesterone which leads to GnRH surge

31
Q

What happens to the heat/oestrous periods in the cat oestrus cycle to induce a GnRH surge

A

They alternate with interoestrus periods during breeding season. Oestradiol rises occur regularly during the breeding season
Constant heat, non heat, heat, non heat on repeat until they encounter a male and ovulate

32
Q

In cat oestrous cycle progesterone rises when…

A

Corpora lutea develop

33
Q

Describe what happens in cat oestrous cycle

A

On anki

34
Q

What are the 2 outcomes of inducing ovulation in cat via mating?

A
  1. Pseudopregnancy—> if no
    conception:
    CL regression at 5-6 weeks and the queen comes on heat again
  2. Pregnancy—> placenta maintains high progesterone to term after CL regression

Module 5 Week 2 (11 decks)

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