Oesophageal Diseases Flashcards
what medication eliminates formed acid?
antacids
what medication reduces acid secretion?
h2 receptor blockers and proton pump inhibitors
what are the 3 triggers for parietal cells to produce acid?
acetylcholine, gastrin, histamine
what do hydrogen receptor antagonists do?
reduce acid production by preventing histamine activation of acid production
why do H2 receptor antagonists have a limited benefit?
as the alternative pathways (acetylcholine and gastrin) are still operative
give examples of 2 hydrogen receptor antagonists
cimetidine, ranitidine
give examples of 3 proton pump inhibitors
omeprazole, lansoprazole and pantoprazole
where do oral diseases start?
mid-oesophagus
what are the different categories of upper GI disease?
oral diseases, oesophageal diseases, gastric diseases
what are the 2 methods of endoscopy?
flexible scope put into duodenum with camera attached or capsule endoscopy where you swallow a capsule containing a camera
what is dysphagia caused by?
external compression from lung/aorta/atrial enlargement/cervical spine or dysmotility disorders
what is dysmotility caused by?
fibrosis and neuromuscular dysfunction
what does dysphagia present as to the patient?
food sticking
what is a common name for GORD?
heartburn
what are the 3 main causes of heart burn?
defective lower oesophageal sphincter, impaired lower clearing, impaired gastric emptying
