Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis Flashcards
what is the aetiology of inflammatory bowel disease?
food intolerance, persisting viral infection/immune activation, smoking, genetic
where can Crohn’s disease occur?
anywhere in the GI tract although the ileocaecal region is popular
where does ulcerative colitis occur?
distal part of the bowel and moves upwards through the large intestine, always in the rectum and can then travel
what are the features of ulcerative colitis?
continuous disease, rectum always involved, anal fissures 25%, ileum involved 10%, mucosa is granular and ulcers present, vascular disease, serosa is normal
what are the features of Crohn’s disease?
discontinuous, rectum involved 50%, anal fissures 75%, ileum involved 30%, mucosa cobbled and fissures, non-vascular, serosa inflamed
what are the microscopic features of ulcerative colitis?
mucosal, vascular, mucosal abscesses
what are the microscopic features of Crohn’s disease?
transmural, oedematous, granulomas
what does Crohn’s disease look like?
cobblestone mucosa with oedema between fibrous bands
what causes obstruction and oedema with Crohn’s disease?
large multi-nucleated giant cells
what layers of the bowel are involved in Crohn’s disease?
all layers all the way to the surface of bowel in peritoneum
what is the appearance of Crohns disease?
oedema around mouth and lips, skin and mucosa tagging in face and mouth, tissue oedema separated by fibrous bands
what layers of the bowel does ulcerative colitis affect?
superficial layers
comment on the vascular supply of ulcerative colitis
increased
what are the symptoms of ulcerative colitis?
diarrhoea, abdominal pain. PR bleeding
what are the symptoms of Crohn’s disease?
for a colonic disease - diarrhoea, abdominal pain, PR bleeding
for small bowel disease - pain due to obstruction, malabsorption due to anal disease
for mouth - orofacial granulomatosis
