oesophageal disease Flashcards
what drugs can reduce the LOS causing heart burn
nicotine
xanthines
calcium antagonist
nitrates
what is the most worrying symptom
dysphagia difficulty swallowing food
what is odynophagia
pain when swallowing
primary investigation
endoscopy
UGIE upper gi
oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy
what is achalasia
failure of the mysenteric plexus ganglion that fails to cause the LOS to relax
what are the symptoms of achalasia
weight loss
effects younger people
chest pain
chest infections
regurgitation
cant swallow of solids
what is the investigation for achalasia
barium swallow showing birds peak apprance/ rats tail
what is the treatment for achalasia
ccb’s and niratates which are smooth muscle relaxants but they are not very useful
endoscopic - pneumactic ballon diallation or botox
surgically by myotomy
what are the compliations of achalasia
pneumonia type shit coz of aspiration
what is GORD
acid refulx from the stomache that damages the oesophageal sqamous epithelium
hoe can patients present with GORD
dyspepsia
heartburn
acid regurgitation
cough
abdominal pain
hourse voice
watery brass - acid taste in the mouth
bloating
if patients patients present with these sympotoms refer for endoscopy
weight loss
vomiting
upper gi - melena and blood in the vomit
dysphagia
what is barrets oesophagus
premalignat condition when the cells change from sqamous to columnar can progress to adenocarinoma effects men more than woman
causes of GORD
oesophagitis
sliding hitatus hernia - oesopgagus into the chest
rolling hiatus hernia - the stomach into the chest
life style advice for gord
reduce risk factors like drinking tea alcohol coffee smoking sit up after eating
