Odum (Readings)

Question 1

FRAGMENTATION

Answer 1

Breaking up a larger/intact habitat into smaller, dispersed patches

Question 2

PERFORATION

Answer 2

Creating holes within an essentially intact habitat

Question 3

SHRINKAGE

Answer 3

Decrease in size of one or more habitats

Question 4

ATTRITION

Answer 4

Disappearance of one or more habitat patches

Question 5

BEARING CAPACITY

Answer 5

Soil’s resistance to penetration from a weighted object, e.g. building foundation

Question 6

ANGLE OF REPOSE

Answer 6

Angle at which soil can be easily inclined and beyond which it will fall

Question 7

WATER TABLE

Answer 7

The upper boundary of the zone of groundwater; the top of unconfined aquifer

Question 8

AQUIFER

Answer 8

A permeable geological stratum or formation that can both store and transmit groundwater in significant quantities

Question 9

WATERSHED

Answer 9

A geographic area of land bounded by topographic features and height of land that captures precipitation, filters and stores water and drains waters to a shared destination.

Question 10

Includes birds and mammals associated with crop fields, meadows, pastures, non-forested lands. Habitat elements essential include

a. grain and seed crops
b. grasses and legumes
c. wild herbaceous upland plants
d. hardwood woody plants

Answer 10

OPENLAND WILDLIFE

Question 11

These species need

a. grasses and legumes
b. wild herbaceous upland plants
c. hardwood woody plants
d. cone-bearing shrubs such as pines

Answer 11

WOODLAND WILDLIFE

Question 12

Include birds, mammals needing

a. wetland food plants or wild herbaceous plants of moist to wet sites, excluding submerged or floating aquatic plants
b. shallow water dev’t with water impoundments not deeper than 5 ft.
c. excavated ponds with ample supply of water at least one acre and ave. 6 ft. depth
d. streams

Answer 12

WETLAND WILDLIFE

Question 13

Climate Pattern: SPATIAL

Answer 13

Tropical/temperate/polar regions

Question 14

Climate Pattern: TEMPORAL

Answer 14

Hot-cold or wet-dry seasons

Question 15

ANGLE OF INCIDENCE

Answer 15

Affects area over which energy of light is dissipated, the depth of area penetrated, and amount of light energy that is reflected by airborne particles w/out reaching surface

Question 16

ADIABATIC COOLINIG

Answer 16

When air at equator cools as it rises resulting in lower capacity to hold water, thereby raining heavily at equator

Question 17

ADIABATIC WARMING

Answer 17

When the circulation pattern of hadley cells causes rising air to spread in upper atmosphere, cool and eventually drop back to surface in a water-depleted condition that allows it to gain capacity to hold water as it drops and warms the air

Question 18

SAND DUNES

Answer 18

Mounds or ridges of sand deposited by wind

Question 19

EARTH’S CRUST AND UPPER MANTLE: 80-100 KM THK. RIGID PLATES

Answer 19

THEORY OF TECTONIC PLATES

Move and continuously over the interior of the earth. Movement results in pressure, separation, or sliding at plate edge. As plates move, strain accumulates causing faults along plate boundaries to slip abruptly. The result of stress is earthquake

Question 20

ELASTIC REBOUND THEORY

Answer 20

Different displacements within the earth’s crust create elastic strains greater than the rock can endure. Riptures occur and the rock rebounds along the fault until the strain is partly or completely relieved

Question 21

OTHER CAUSES OF EARTHQUAKE

Answer 21

Volcanic activity, underground nuclear explosions, injection of waste liquid into susceptible rock strata, and in some cases, the weight of newly constructed large dams, and reservoirs

Question 22

MERCALLI SCALE (MM)

Answer 22

Widely used scale to measure intensity

Question 23

TECTONIC CREEP

Answer 23

Slow differential slippage of 2 sides of fault