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Landscape Ecology > Odum 2 - Glossary > Flashcards

Odum 2 - Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

Zone containing rooted floating and emergent vegetation along the shore of a lake or pond, where P/R > I

A

Littoral Zone

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2
Q

(from Latin lotus, “washed”) running-water ecosystems such as streams and rivers

A

Lotic

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3
Q

Rooted or large floating plants (such as water lilies)

A

Macrophytes

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4
Q

Emergent woody plants that tolerate the salinity of the open sea; trees that dominate tropical intertidal forests

A

Mangroves

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5
Q

Fish or other food farming in enclosures (mesocosms) in bays and estuaries

A

Mariculture

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6
Q

Wetland ecosystem with periodically waterlogged mineral soils dominated by cattails and sedges

A

Marsh

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7
Q

(from Greek mesos, “middle”) a midsized experimental ecosystem

A

Mesocosm

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8
Q

Undersea areas in which spreading tectonic plates create vents, hot sulfurous springs, and seeps

A

Midoceanic Ridges

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9
Q

Resemblance of one species to another as a mechanism evolved to deceive predators

A

Mimicry

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10
Q

Relationship between two species in which the growth and survival of both populations benefit

A

Mutualism

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11
Q

Refers to regions of marine environments where land masses extend outward as a continental shelf

A

Neretic

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12
Q

Rate of storage of organic matter in plant tissues exceeding the respiratory use by the plants during the period of measurement (NPP = GPP - R)

A

Net Primary Productivity (NPP)

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13
Q

Relationship between two species in which neither population is affected by association with the other

A

Neutralism

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14
Q

Functional role of a species in a biotic community or ecosystem

A

Niche

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15
Q

Description or model depicting the movement of nitrogen-containing compounds as they cycle among the atmosphere, soil, and living matter; movement of nitrogen, N, among the atmosphere, biosphere, and hydrosphere, including transformations between different chemical forms

A

Nitrogen Cycle

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16
Q

The deep-water area of a lake that lies beyond the depth of effective light penetration, where P/R < 1

A

Profundal Zone

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17
Q 
Autotrophic organisms (such as green plants that can manufacture food via photo
synthesis)
A

Producers

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18
Q

Percentage of water vapor present compared with saturation under existing temperature-pressure conditions

A

Relative Humidity

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19
Q

a strip of natural vegetation that extends across the landscape (such as gallery forest along a stream)

A

Resource Corridor

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20
Q

Fire-dependent species of plants that put more energy into underground storage organs and less into reproductive structure

A

Resprout Species

21
Q

Describes wetlands (such as fens) that obtain much of their nutrient input from groundwater

A

Rheotrophic

22
Q

Parent rock below the C horizon of soil

A

R Horizon

23
Q

Along banks of rivers and streams

A

Riparian

24
Q

Organism that feeds on dead organic matter; organism that absorbs organic nutrients from dead plant or animal matter

A

Saprotroph

25
Q

Tropical grassland on which trees and woody shrubs are widely spaced

A

Savanna

26
Q

Refers to woody plans with leathery, evergreen leaves that prevent moisture loss

A

Sclerophyllous

27
Q

Prefix meaning “narrow,” derived from Greek stenos

A

Steno

28
Q

Replacement of one community or seral stage by another

A

Succession

29
Q

Movement of sulfur, S, between the lithosphere (the dominant reservoir) and the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere, and the transformations between different chemical forms

A

Sulfur Cycle

30
Q

Two dissimilar species living together in close association

A

Symbiosis

31
Q

Circumpolar northern boreal forest biome

A

Taiga

32
Q

Biomes dominated by grasses, such as and Androgon, Panicum, and Bouteloua, where annual precipitation is between 10 and 30 inches (25-75 centimerers) per year

A

Temperate Grasslands

33
Q

Layer of water in a thermally stratified lake where the temperature profile changes rapidly relative to the body of water as a whole; zone of water in a thermally stratified lake between the epilimnion and hypolimnion

A

Thermocline

34
Q

Position in a food chain as determined by the number of energy transfer steps to that level (primary producer to secondary consumer, for example); functional classification of organisms in an ecosystem according to feeding relationships

A

Trophic Level

35
Q

Biome characterized by mosses, lichens, sedges, and forbs but absence of trees, area of permanently frozen soil dominated by treeless vegetation

A

Tundra

36
Q

Layer of vegetation below the canopy of a forest

A

Understory

37
Q

Movement of deep ocean water to the surface or into the euphotic zone, occurs most commonly along the west coasts of continents (for example, the Peru Current along the coast of South America)

A

Upwelling

38
Q

Temporary pond or shallow pool filled in the spring

A

Vernal Pool

39
Q

Catchment or drainage basin of a river; the total area above a given point on a stream or river that contributes water to the flow at that point

A

Watershed

40
Q

Habitats that are perpetually or periodically flooded

A

Wetlands

41
Q

Tree-covered land including associated plant and animal habitats

A

Woodland

42
Q

Characterized by dry conditions

A

Xeric

43
Q

Plant with special adaptions (such as sunken stomata) for surviving prolonged periods of drought

A

Xerophyte

44
Q

Term used to describe succession on dry land or rock surface

A

Xerosere

45
Q

Who first proposed ‘ecology’ word in 1869

A

German Biologist, Ernst Haeckel

46
Q

Pioneered the study of food chains and population regulation, and the writings of the English botanist Richard Bradley revealed his understanding of biological productivity.

A

Premier Microscopist, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek,

47
Q

The science dealing with mechanisms of control or regulation

A

Cybernetics

48
Q

Domesticated ecosystems that are in many ways intermediate between natural ecosystems, such as grasslands and forests, and fabricated ecosystems, such as cities.

A

Agroecosystems

Landscape Ecology (3 decks)

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