Odontogenic Tumors Flashcards
What’s the most common type of odontogenic epithelium tumor of clinical significance?
Ameloblastoma
What are the three classifications of odontogenic tumors.
- Tumors in odontogenic epithelium
- Mixed tumors in odontogenic epithelium and mesenchyme
- Mesenchymal tumors
What are the variant types of Ameloblastomas?
- Conventional solid/multicystic - most common, mainly in adults, often associated with third molars, root resorption is common, high recurrence rate
- Unicystic - thought to occur as a result of Ameloblastomic transformation of the lining epithelium of a dentigerous cyst, often associated with unerupted third molars, best treated by enucleation
- Peripheral - extraosseous, rare
What’s the main difference between conventional and unicystic ameloblastomas?
Conventional occur more commonly in older adults and unicystic are seen to occur in teen’s and young adults in their 20’s
Which type of odontogenic tumor would present radiographically with calcified structures varying in shape?
Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor
Which tumor is most common in patients age 10-19?
Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor
“Is considered to be a true mixed tumor in which both the epithelial and mesenchymal components are neoplastic”
Ameloblasts fibroma
What is the most common type of mixed odontogenic tumor?
Odontoma
What is a hamartoma?
A benign focal malformation that resembles a neoplasm in the tissue of origin, it grows at the same rate as the surrounding tissues
What are the subtypes of odontomas?
- Compound odontoma - multiple little teeth
2. Complex odontoma - large mass of calcified tissue
If a radiograph shows an odontogenic tumor that has a multilocular radiolucency, what are possible differential diagnoses?
- Odontogenic myxoma
- Ameloblastic fibroma
- Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor
What mistake is often made regarding periapical cemental dysplasia?
Endodontic treatment is performed as it is often mistaken for periapical disease (rarefying osteitits) - must do vitality testing to rule out periapical pathology
- Mesenchymal
- thought to be a reactive process
- increased incidence in black patients
- mimic rarefying osteitis
- no treatment recommended, just periodic observation
PERIAPICAL CEMENTAL DYSPLASIA
- odontogenic
- mostly presents in posterior mandible as a slowly growing expansion
- uni or multilocular radiolucency that contains calcified structures of varying size
- frequently associated with impacted third molars
- less aggressive than ameloblastomas
CALCIFYING EPITHELIAL ODONTOGENIC TUMOR
- mixed (odontogenic and mesenchyme)
- when fully developed, odontomas consist chiefly of enamel and dentin with varying amounts of pulp and cementum
- often seen in younger patients (both subtypes)
- compound: multiple single-rooted teeth in a fibrous matrix
- complex: a mass of mature dentin with enamel matrix (uncalcified enamel) and cementum
ODONTOMA
- mesenchymal
- derived from dental papilla or dental follicle (which arise from mesenchymal embryologic components)
- can be unilocular or multilocular with irregular scalloped margins (soap bubble radiolucency)
ODONTOGENIC MYXOMA
- odontogenic
- slow growing, locally invasive aggressive benign tumor
- thought to arise from cell rests of the enamel organ or an epithelial lining of an odontogenic cyst or from the basal layer of epithelium
AMELOBLASTOMA
- mixed (odontogenic, mesenchymal)
- common in children and teenagers
- unilocular or multilocular with well defined margins
- May grow large enough to occupy body of Ramus
- recurrence sometimes occurs as ameloblastic fibrosarcoma
AMELOBLASTIC FIBROMA
- mesenchymal
- benign
- patients under 25
- calcified mass, usually roots of permanent first molars
- mineralized material(cementum), cementoblastic cells at the periphery
CEMENTOBLASTOMA
- odontogenic origin
- anterior, more common in max than mand
- often detected when cuspid tooth has failed to erupt
- can be difficult to differentiate from a dentigerous cyst (but can surround entire tooth, where cyst just surrounds the crown)
- tubular or duct-like structures are formed by odontogenic epithelium
- recurrence is rare
ADENOMATOID ODONTOGENIC TUMOR
