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OBIOL 305 > Developmental Dental Disorders > Flashcards

Developmental Dental Disorders Flashcards

0
Q

In hypotonia, is it more common to be missing deciduous or permanent teeth?

A

Permanent

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1
Q

Name three conditions that involve missing teeth.

A
  1. Hypodontia
  2. Oligodontia
  3. Anodontia
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2
Q

What are the most commonly missing teeth in hypodontia?

BONUS: which tooth is the fourth most common to be missing in men and women?

A
  1. Third molar
  2. mand second premolars
  3. Max lateral incisor

BONUS: men - mand lateral incisor, women - max second premolars

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3
Q

What is a “syndrome” ?

A

Refers to the constellation of multiple clinical stigmata, which appear together in a consistent fashion. Many of these clinical anomalies may appear to be unrelated

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4
Q

What is ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA?

A
  • X-linked recessive (usually males) or occasional AD trait
  • ECTODERMAL appendages fail to develop (hair, sweat glands, teeth)
  • sometimes causes Adontia (weird shaped teeth) or salivary gland hypoplasia (with xerostomia)
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5
Q

What is CHONDROECTODERMSL DYSPLASIA?

A
  • like ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA but also effects mesodermal tissues (short limbs, polydactyl, congenital heart defects)
  • AR trait
  • often fusion of upper lip to max ridge
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6
Q

Name syndromes that involve extra teeth (hyperdontia).

A

Gardner’s syndrome

Cleidocranial dysplaisa

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7
Q

What are the most common locations for supernumerary teeth?

A

Between max centrals (mesiodens) and max fourth molar

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8
Q

What’s the difference between a dissimilar and a paramolar?

A

Both are fourth molars, but distomolar is located distally to third molar and paramolar is located buccally to third molar

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9
Q

“Small teeth. Rare - pituitary dwarfism. Occasionally familial.” describes what condition?

A

Microdontia

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10
Q

“Big teeth. Rare - hemifaciak hypertrophy; usually incisors. Not to be confused with fused teeth” describes what anomaly.

A

Macrodontia

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11
Q

“Enlarged pulp chamber. Enlarged body of the tooth (long crown) with short roots” describes what anomaly.

A

Taurodontism

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12
Q

Name a condition that may sometimes present with Taurodontism.

A

Klinefelter’s syndrome - specific form of amelogenesis imperfecta

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13
Q

Name and define four accessory cusps and roots.

A
  1. Cusp of Carabelli- extra cusp found on lingual surface of max first molar (sometimes on buccal surface of molars and premolars)
  2. Dens evaginatus - an extra projecting cusp which is usually found between the buccal and lingual cusps of the premolars and molars (most common in Inuit)
  3. Talon cusp- accessory cusp located on cingulum of a max or mand permanent incisor
  4. Extra roots - occasionally found on max or mand molars or in single rooted mand cuspids or bicuspid
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14
Q

“Enamel droplet occasionally found in furcations are of a molar. More common in maxillary teeth.” describes what anomaly.

A

Enamel pearls

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15
Q

“Triangular extension of enamel from the buccal CEJ to the bifurcation of molars. Associated with periodontal furcation involvement or development of an inflammatory cyst” describes what condition

A

Cervical enamel extension

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16
Q

“A single tooth bud invaginates and gives rise to 2 incompletely divided teeth, usually a single root and canal” describes what anomaly.

A

Germination

17
Q

“Fusion of 2 tooth buds gives rise to a single tooth. Must occur with a supernumerary tooth” describes what anomaly?

A

Fusion

18
Q

“Fusion of the cementum of 2 teeth; occurs after root formation occurs”

A

Concrescence

19
Q

“Shape bend in the root of the tooth”

A

Dilaceration - thought to be the result of trauma

20
Q

“Invagination of the enam and dentin into crown; usually affects lateral incisors”

A

Dens in dente (dens invaginatus)

21
Q

Name two conditions associated with hypercementosis?

A 
Paget's  disease (most common)
Pituitary hyperfunction (acromegaly, gigantism)
22
Q

What is hypoplasia?

A

A QUANTITATIVE defect in enamel

23
Q

What is hypoclacification?

A

A qualitative defect

24
Q

What is the name for a hypoplastic tooth that is the result of an abscess of the primary tooth?

A

Turner’s tooth

25
Q

What levels of fluoride consumption can cause fluorosis?

A

Signs of fluorosis can occur if exposure to fluoride levels greater than 1 ppm occurs during development of permanent teeth

26
Q

The following are symptoms of what condition?

  • notched central incisors
  • peg laterals
  • wrinkled “mulberry” molars
A

Congenital syphilis

27
Q

What is the Hutchinson triad of congenital syphilis?

A

Blindness (interstitial keratitis)
Deafness (labyrinth affected)
Dental anomalies

28
Q

List some potential causes of hypoplasia.

A
  • febrile childhood infections
  • rickets
  • hypocalcemia (due to hypothyroidism or VitD deficiency)
  • birth injuries
  • nutritional inadequacies
29
Q

“A group of hereditary diseases involved in the defective formation, calcification and maturation of enamel. Hypoplastic, hypo mature, and hypocalcified enamel inheritance patterns define the different subtypes”

A

Amelogenesis imperfecta

30
Q

List oral stigmata that could result from amelogenesis imperfecta.

A
  • unrequited teeth
  • anterior open bite
  • pulpal calcifications
  • interraddicular dentinal dysplasia
  • root and crown resorption
  • cementum deposition
  • truncated roots
  • association with Taurodontism
31
Q

What are the four classifications of amelogenesis imperfecta?

A
  1. Hypoplastic - inadequate depiction of enamel matrix results in QUANTITATIVE enamel defects (pitted teeth, small yellow teeth, teeth with vertical stripes - seen in females with X Linked dominant type)
  2. Hypocalcified - inadequate mineralized of enamel matrix results in QUALITATIVE defect (soft brownish enamel)
  3. Hypomaturation - enamel matrix begins to mineralize but there is a defect in the maturation of crystal structure; enamel is softer than normal (brown enamel pigmentation, white patches, snowcap appearance)
  4. Hypomaturation/hypoplastic with Taurodontism - thin enamel, the enamel that does develop is hypomature (yellow/brown teeth with pits and variable degrees of Taurodontism)
32
Q

What happens when the normal sequence of dentin production is disrupted?

A

Formation of interglobular dentin - disorganized, poorly calcified, absent tubules

33
Q

The following describes what condition: “Affects all teeth in both demotions, but more prominent in primary. Teeth have bulbous crowns, opalescent bluish/brown hue, pronounced cervical construction. Enamel fractures - so attrition is early and severe. Obliterated pulp chambers.”

A

Dentinogenesis imperfecta Type II - hereditary opalescent dentin

34
Q

What causes enamel to fracture so easily in dentinogenesis imperfecta type II?

A

There is a weak dentin-enamel junction because the normal scalloped interface is missing (poorly formed dentin)

35
Q

What condition is dentinogenesis imperfecta type I associated with?

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta - an inherited condition in which there is defective bone formation resulting in fragile bones. At least four types, but DI is not associated with all of them.

  • > congenita when presented in severe form at birth
  • > tarda when presents as less severe later in life
36
Q

What are the difference between dentinogenesis imperfecta type I and type II?

A

Type I - almost always has more severely affected primary dentition
Type II - similar severity in both dentitions, low variability of gene expression (severity of a condition will correlate within a family)

37
Q

“Truncated roots. Amber or bluish crowns. Total pulp obliteration. Chevron shaped chamber. Teeth often mobile and misaligned.”

A

Radicalize dentin DYSPLASIA (dentin dysplasia type I; rootless teeth)

38
Q

“Primary teeth - amber translucency but do not undergo severe attrition.
Permanent teeth - normal color with “thistle” shaped extension of the pulp chamber”

A

Coronal dentin dysplasia (dentin DYSPLASIA type II)

39
Q

Define pulpal dysplasia.

A

Refers to teeth with similar extended pulp chambers which also have multiple pulp stones

40
Q

What is regional odontodysplasia?

A

A condition In which there is a complete disruption of tooth formation. One or more teeth in localized area are affected (usually max incisors). There is failure of eruption or delayed eruption. Both enamel and dentin are extremely thin and malformed. Ghost like teeth.

OBIOL 305 (9 decks)

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