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5th OD - Oral Cancer > Odontogenic Neoplasm/ Tumour > Flashcards

Odontogenic Neoplasm/ Tumour Flashcards

1
Q

Two types of odontogenic tissue?

A

Mesenchyme

Epithelium

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2
Q

Examples of odontogenic epithelium?

A

RREDO

Oral epithelium
Dental lamina 
Enamel organ 
Reduced enamel epithelium
Rest of Malassez
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3
Q

Examples of odontogenic mesenchyme?

A

PFP

Dental papilla
Dental follicle
Periodontal ligament

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4
Q

What gives rise to radicular cyst?

A

cell rests of mallassez from Hertwigs root sheath

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5
Q

What gives rise to dentigerous cyst?

A

Reduced enamel epitheloum

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6
Q

What gives rise to keratocyst?

A

Dental lamina

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7
Q

What types of pathology does dental lamina give rise to?

A

Ameloblastoma

Keratocyst

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8
Q

How do odontogenic tumours often present?

A

Radiolucent lesions

Most often angle of mandbile

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9
Q

Why do odontogenic tumours present angle of mandible?

A

Remnant of dental lamina

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10
Q

How are odontogenic tumours classified?

A

Benign or malignant

Then epithelium/ mesenchyme or mixed

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11
Q

Example of a benign odontogenic epithelium tunour?

A

Ameloblastoma
Calcifying epithial odontogenic tumour
Adenomatoid O.T

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12
Q

Example benign epithelial/ mesenchyme tumour?

A

Odontoma

Ameloblastic fibroma

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13
Q

Example benign odontogenic mesenchyme tumour?

A

Odontogenic fibroma
Odontogenic myxoma
Cementoblastoma

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14
Q

Is an odontoma a neoplasm?

A

No

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15
Q

Most common odontogenic neoplasm?

A

Ameloblastoma - benign epithelial odontogenic tumour

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16
Q

Most common odontogenic mesenchyme tumour?

A

Myxoma

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17
Q

Most common mixed odontgenic tumour?

A

Calcifying odontogenic cyst - CEOT less rare

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18
Q

What is ameloblastoma?

A

Benign but destructive odontogenic epithelial tumour

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19
Q

Where do ameloblastoma present?

A

Most common site = angle of mandbile

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20
Q

Epidemiology of ameloblastoma?

A

Age 30-50

More common black population

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21
Q

How do ameloblastoma present clinically?

A

Often asymptomatic

Can get bucco-lingual expasnion

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22
Q

How does ameloblastoma present on radiograph?

A

Well defined, radiolucent lesion angle of mandible
Uni or multi-locular appearance
Not cortication
Effect adjacent structures - displacement/ resorption

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23
Q

Where do ameloblasts arise from?

A

Dental lamina

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24
Q

What are the 3 subtypes of ameloblastomna?

A
  1. conventional = intra-osseous
  2. unicystic = intra-osseous
  3. peripheral = extra-osseous
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25
Q

Two types of conventional ameloblastoma?

A

Follicular
Plexiform

Many tunours contain both patterns

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26
Q

What would see in histology of follicular ameloblastoma?

A

Islands of epithelial tumour, surrounded in fibrous stroma
Epithelium resembles enamel organ
Columnar ameloblast like cells at periphery of islands
Stellate reticulum like area in centre islands
Cysts forming within islands

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27
Q

What would see in histology of plexiform ameloblastoma?

A

Columnar ameloblast-like cells forming cords
No/ little stellate-reticulum
Cysts form within stroma

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28
Q

Types of unicystic ameloblastoma?

A

Luminar

Intraluminar

29
Q

Treatment of unicystic ameloblastoma?

A

True unicystic ameloblastoma can be enucleated

30
Q

Management of conventional ameloblastoma?

A

Requires excision w/ margins

Reconstruction/ bone grafts

31
Q

What are mutations causing ameloblastoma?

A

Mandible - BRAF oncogene

Maxilla - SMO oncogene

32
Q

What is AOT?

A

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour - benign

33
Q

Key feature of AOT?

A

Benign, not expansile and not destructive

34
Q

Who see AOT?

A

Age 10-20

F>M

35
Q

Where see AOT?

A

Often in maxilla

Can present radiolucency around crown of tooth

36
Q

Differential AOT?

A

Dentigerous cyst

37
Q

What see radiograph AOT?

A

Pericoronal radiolucecny - on or around ACJ

See background calcifiication = snow storm

38
Q

Histology AOT?

A

Duct-like structures

Calcification realted dentinoid calcified material = snow strom

39
Q

What can calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour also be called?

A

Pindborg tumour

40
Q

Are CEOT destructive?

A

Benign and locally destructive

41
Q

Epidemiology CEOT

A

Age 10-60

Most in mandibular molar region

42
Q

What see radiograph CEOT?

A

Radiolucency with speckled calcification

More calcification w/ age of lesion

43
Q

Histology of CEOT?

A

Pleomorphic epithelium w/ dentinoid calcifications
Enamel matrix - may calcific
Cuboidal cells w/ prickles
Variation nuclear size/ shape

44
Q

What is ameloblastic fibroma?

A

Benign odontogenic mixed epithelium/ mesenchyme tumour

45
Q

Epidemiology ameloblastic fibroma?

A

Less 20 years
Often mandible
80% associatiated unerupted tooth

46
Q

How does ameloblastic fibroma present?

A

Well-defined radiolucency

47
Q

Histology ameloblastic fibroma?

A

Branching cords and islands of epithelium - resemble enamel organ/ dental lamina
Fine cellular stroma
Possible see dental card tissue
Columnar ameloblast like cells

48
Q

What is a dentinogenic ghost cell tumour?

A

Benign odontogenic mixed epithelium/ mesenchyme tumour

49
Q

Epidemiology of dentinogenic ghost cell tumour?

A

Very rare
Often 40-60yrs
M>F

50
Q

How to dentinogenic ghost cell tumours present?

A

Radiolucency - may have calcification

Large and expansile

51
Q

Histology dentiongenic ghost cell tumour?

A

Epithelium resembling ameloblastoma
Ghost cells and dentine
Ghost cells - no nuceli

52
Q

What is odontome?

A

Benign odontogenic mixed epithelium/ mesenchyme tumour

53
Q

Epidemiology odontome?

A

Developmental abnormalities that grow within growth period of developing dentition - up to 20 yrs

54
Q

Where to odontomes present?

A

Mandible or maxilla

55
Q

How to odontome present?

A

Radiolucency containing tooth-like structure

56
Q

Two types of odontome?

A

Compound and complex

57
Q

What compound odontoma?

A

See in maxilla > mandible
See in incisor/ canine regio
Small and non-aggressive
Collection of denticles

58
Q

What odontome is more common?

A

Compound

59
Q

What is complex odontome?

A

Seen in mandible > maxilla
Premolar/ molar region
Often missing tooth
Fused mass of haphazardly arranged tooth tissue

60
Q

Why are complex odontome prone to infection?

A

Irregular form can be focus for bacteria

61
Q

What is myxoma?

A

Benign odontogenic mesenchyme tumour

62
Q

Is myxoma destructive?

A

Yes, locally

63
Q

Where do myxoma present?

A

Mostly in mandible as slow growing, painless swellings

64
Q

How do myxoma present radiographically?

A 
Uni or multi-locular radiolucecny 
Well defined
Partly corticated 
Soap-bubble appearnace
Root displacement/ resoprtion
65
Q

Histology myxoma?

A

Triangular/ stellate cells in loose myxoid stroma

Loose connective tissue w/ struts of bone separating compartments

66
Q

What are types odontogenic fibroma?

A

Can be central (arise in bone) or peripheral (arise in gingivae)

67
Q

How does odontogenic fibroma present radiograph?

A

Unilocular radiolucency due mature fibrous tissue

68
Q

Where does cementoblastoma usually present?

A

Usually mandible - molar teeth

Present radiopaque lesion attached to tooth root

69
Q

How does cementoblastoma present histologically?

A

Sheets of cementum and osteoid in mosaic pattern

5th OD - Oral Cancer (7 decks)

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