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Geography- Coasts > Odisha > Flashcards

Odisha Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is Odisha?

A

Eastern coast of India

480km of coastline on the Bay of Bengal (Indian Ocean)

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2
Q

Risks: How much of the coastline is eroding?

A

36.8%

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3
Q

Risks: What has accelerated coastal erosion affected in recent years?

A

Coastal agriculture
Built environment
Habitats

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4
Q

Risks: Name 2 hazards this area is prone to having

A

Storms

Tsunamis

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5
Q

Risks: What’s the longer term threat to this area?

A

Rising sea levels

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6
Q

Risks: What is being over-exploited and rapidly becoming depleted?
What will the impact of this be?

A

Fish and minerals

Impacting the livelihoods of the coastal population

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7
Q

Risks: Why is it hard to know what will happen on this coastline?

A

86% of it is dynamic- making it very unpredictable

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8
Q

Rewards: Why do so many tourists come to the area?

A

For the beaches and wildlife sanctuaries

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9
Q

Rewards: Which types of energy is there huge potential for?

A

Offshore wind
Wave
Tidal

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10
Q

Rewards: What percentage of the coastline is laden with mineral and heavy metal deposits?
Why is this good?

A

35%

Could be sustainably extracted in the future

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11
Q

Rewards: Name one of rare animals found on the coastline

A

Olive Ridley turtles

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12
Q

Rewards: Why is there such a rich cultural heritage?

A

As cultural and archaeological sites are scattered across the coastline

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13
Q

Rewards: Why is coastal fishing so important?

A

It employs a large number of people full time

It employs people from coastal villages in the post-harvest fisheries sector

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14
Q

Why has little been done to mitigate and adapt in Odisha?

A

Any action taken could have devastating impacts on the area as so much of it is unpredictable

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15
Q

Mitigation: How many were evacuated before Cyclone Phailin?

A

1 million

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16
Q

Mitigation: Name 3 things that the authorities did before Cyclone Phailin struck

A

Broadcast warnings
Evacuate
Prepare relief supplies

17
Q

Adaptation Key Points

A

Residents willing to alter way of life
Salt resistant rice grown- flooding and sea level rise
Tourism, earn a living
Fishermen changing livelihoods

18
Q

Resilience: How have the people shown they are resilient?

A

Still live in the area with all the hazards

NGO’s teaching fishermen sustainable fishing methods, prevents over exploitation

19
Q

ICZMP: What does ICZMP stand for?

A

Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project

20
Q

ICZMP: Why was this coastal management strategy adopted?

A

2011 Assessment of Shoreline Change Report showed localised strategies were doing more harm than good

21
Q

ICZMP: Why is this project considered to be so good for the coastline as a whole?

A

As it consults all the stakeholders to find the best outcome

22
Q

ICZMP: How many people did the Odisha Tourism Development Corporation consult at the Tampara eco-tourism site?

A

118

23
Q

ICZMP: Why were fishermen consulted?

A

To discuss the impact on their livelihoods, and other skills they could learn so they weren’t dependant on fishing

24
Q

ICZMP: Give an example of a site that the department of culutre went to to consult people?
How many did they consult?

A

British Cemetery and Potagada

18 people were consulted

25
Q

ICZMP: Why were these consultations particular useful?

A

As they involved the local community, the authorities and experts to make informed decisions

26
Q

ICZMP: Where are mangroves being restored?

A

Mahanadi Delta

Development of fisheries led to them being destroyed

27
Q

ICZMP: How many km of mangroves has the Mahanadi Delta lost since 1960?

A

Around 4km

28
Q

ICZMP: Why were mangroves shown to be so useful?

A

Super-Cyclone Kalina, villages with less than 3km of mangroves saw a sharp rise in deaths
Villages with over 4km saw no deaths at all

29
Q

ICZMP: Why are mangroves such a good sea defence?

A

They are natural and don’t impact the local ecology

Geography- Coasts (7 decks)

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