Odisha Flashcards
Where is Odisha?
Coastal state of North Eastern India, on the Bay of Bengal
How long is he coastline
485km
What was the population in 2018?
46 million (and continues to grow at a rapid rate, 13% in the last 10 years)
What marine wildlife is there?
Ridley turtles, sea grass meadows, sand dunes, salt marshes, estuaries and lagoons
What is the main process in Odisha?
Depositions which for,s a major sediment store in the Bay of Bengal
List the opportunities in Odisha:
Both the sea and the lakes of Odisha are rich in fish stocks making fishing a primary source of income, 35% if coast contains valuable minerals and metal ores than can be extracted, 150 bird species in Chilika lake bird sanctuary which adds to the area’s appeal for tourists, Renewable energy via wind and tidal power is a major player in the region, Potential for the extraction of offshore oil and gas in the region as well as possibly. future seabed mining
List the risks of living in Odisha?
Climate change threat, increase in levels of erosion from both human and physical factors (46.8% of Odisha is depositional, 36.8% erosional and 14.4% stable), areas always changing, many coastal defences having negative impact (sea walls around major ports has accelerated erosion), risk of tropical storms (which frequency and intensity are increasing, eg. Cyclone Phailin destroyed 500,000 ha of farmland and led to 1 million being avecauted in 2013)
Explain the resilience in Odisha?
Despite the annual threat from monsoons, the seasonal chance of tropical storms and rising sea levels the people of Odisha remain resolute in their desire to stay in their ‘home’ despite the ongoing risk from Cyclones which have caused huge amounts of damage in the past (e.g. Phailin killed 44) the people of Odisha stay resolute in their desire to stay, All management plans proposed under the
ICZM are designed to be resilient and sustainable in terms of dealing with coastal processes, tropical storms and human threats such as tourism now and into the future
Explain adaptation in Odisha?
Major focus of the scheme is to provide fishing families with an alternative source of income to remove their need to live on the coast, Schemes such as becoming dairy or poultry farmers further inland have been popular and shown success, Former fishermen are. trained in how to run alternative businesses reducing their reliance on the dangerous coast.
Something which is even more important due to threats from climate change.
People of Odisha are now well used to reviewing management strategies and have become increasingly adaptable to deal with proposed
changes.
Explain mitigation in Odisha?
Authorities mitigate by: broadcasting warnings, conducting staged evacuation and providing relief supplies ahead of the storm, In 2011 the ICZM projects began, considering the views of stakeholders at every level and ensuring that this highly dynamic coastline was managed as one large area, Wetlands international (an NGO) is now working with Odishans to plant mangroves along the coast in order to provide a natural barrier to erosion and storm surges. Benefit of these Mangroves is that they are able to cope with a rising sea level, Detailed plans have been created following stakeholder consultation with scenarios proposed which mitigates risk by limiting human development on the coastline. Huge variety of physical and human factors have been considered to ensure that the plan is fully comprehensive.
