Oculomotor Dysfuntion

Question 1

Which oculomotor test is used to differentiate between automaticity problems and oculomotor dysfunctions?

Answer 1

DEM

Question 2

What are the three oculomotor skills?

Answer 2

Fixations
Pursuits
Saccades

Question 3

While doing the readalyzer, the patient obtains 60% correct responses on the comprehension. What should be done next?

Answer 3

70% comprehension is required, so repeat the test

Question 4

While doing the Readalyzer, the patient obtains 90% correct responses on the comprehension, and 30% in reliability. What should be done next?

Answer 4

Poor reliability indicates that something was wrong with the test, so redo it

Question 5

While doing the Readalyzer, the patient obtains 50% correct responses on comprehension. What should be done?

Answer 5

Repeat the test using a lower grade level, or the same level with an easier paragraph

Question 6

During SCCO pursuits, a patient loses fixation 2 times. What would the score be?

Answer 6

2+

Question 7

During NSUCO pursuits, a patient is able to complete one rotation, and has three fixation loses, plus slight head/body movement less than 50% of the time. What would the score be?

Answer 7

3/3/4

Question 8

What does DEM type II performance indicate?

Answer 8

Increased horizontal time with normal or close to normal time in the vertical test
Ratio will be higher than expected in this case

Question 9

What does DEM type I indicate?

Answer 9

Average or normal performance

Question 10

What does DEM type IV indicate?

Answer 10

Problems with automaticity and oculomotor dysfunction

It is a combination of type II and III

Question 11

What are the diagnostic factors for oculomotor dysfunctions?

Answer 11

Reduced accuracy of ocular pursuits/saccades
Difficulty separating head/body and eye movements
Difficulty sustaining adequate pursuit or saccadic eye movement under cognitive demands
Inability to follow targets in proper sequence
Need for tactile/kinesthetic reinforcement while performing ocular motor activities
Inability to adequately sustain fixation/errratic fixations
Increased time required to perform tasks dependent upon saccadic eye movements

Question 12

When is the Readalyzer/visagraph indicated?

Answer 12

Evaluate reading skill
Monitor reading skill development
Check that reading skill goals have been achieved
To measure reading parameters like reading speed, regressions, and fixation duration

Question 13

What symptoms are related to oculomotor dysfunctions?

Answer 13

Loss of place
Omission of words
Difficulty tracking
Poor academic performance
Reduce efficiency and productivity
Poor attention span
Muscular incoordination
Vertigo
Motion Sickness

Question 14

Increased horizontal time and normal vertical time in DEM indicates what?

Answer 14

Type II

Question 15

Name at least 3 drugs that can cause oculomotor dysfunction.

Answer 15

Carbamazepine
Diazepam
Methadon
Chlordecone
Lithium
Phenytoin

Question 16

List 3 signs and symptoms of oculomotor dysfunction.

Answer 16

Loss of place/omission of words when reading
Difficulty tracking objects
Poor academic performance
Reduced efficiency and productivity
Poor attention span
Muscular incoordination
Vertigo
Motion sickness

Question 17

What are the grades for SCCO pursuits?

Answer 17

4+ smooth and accurate
3+ one loss of fixation
2+ two losses of fixation
1+ three losses of fixation

Question 18

Describe the SCCO test for pursuits.

Answer 18

Patient follows fixation target from left to right, up and down, and in circles

Question 19

What are the grades for SCCO saccades?

Answer 19

4+ smooth and accurate
3+ slight over/undershooting
2+ large over/undershooting
1+ unable to do the task, or increased latency

Question 20

Describe the SCCO test for saccades.

Answer 20

The pt is asked to look from one point to another 10 times. Targets are 10 cm apart

Question 21

What three areas of performance does NSUCO test?

Answer 21

Ability
Accuracy
Movement

Question 22

What are the grades for NSUCO saccades?

Answer 22

5 completes5 roundtrips
4 completes 4
3 completes 3
2 completes 2
1 completes less than 2

Question 23

What are the grades for NSUCO saccade accuracy?

Answer 23

5 no over/undershooting
4 intermittent slight over/undershooting less than 50% of the time
3 constnce slight over/undershooting more than 50% of the time
2 moderate over/undershooting one or more times
1 large over/undershooting one or more times

Question 24

What is the NSUCO grading system for head and body movement?

Answer 24

5 no movement of the head or body
4 slight movement of the head or body less than 50% of the time
3 slight movement of the head or body more than 50% of the time
2 Moderate movement of the head or body at any time
1 no movement of the head or body

Question 25

What is the NSUCO Pursuits grading system for ability?

Answer 25

5 completes 2 rotations each direction
4 completes two rotations in one direction, but less than two rotations in the other direction
3 completes one rotation in either direction, but not two rotations
2 compleste 1/2 rotation in either direction
1 cannot complete 1/2 rotation in either direction

Question 26

What is the NSUCO pursuits accuracy grading system?

Answer 26

5 no refixations
4 refixations 2 times or fewer
3 three-four refixations
2 five -10 refixations
1 No attempt to follow the target, or requires greater than 10 fixations

Question 27

What is the NSUCO pursuits head/body movement grading system?

Answer 27

5 no movement
4 slight movement of the head or body less than 50% of the time
3 slight movement of the head or body more than 50% of the time
2 moderate movement of the head or body at any time
1 large movement of the head or body at any time

Question 28

What are the four scores of the DEM?

Answer 28

Vertical time
Horizontal (adjusted) time
Ratio
Errors

Question 29

A below-expected score on DEM ratio indicates a deficiency of oculomotor skill, and is supportive of a diagnosis of what?

Answer 29

Oculomotor dysfunction

Question 30

A below-expected vertical time on the DEM represents a deficiency in what?

Answer 30

The ability to rapidly name aloud printed numbers, or RAN

Question 31

Describe a DEM type I patient

Answer 31

Average performance in all aspects

Question 32

What signifies a DEM type II patient?

Answer 32

Abnormally increased horizontal time, with normal vertical time. Will yield a higher ratio than expected

Question 33

What would be the DEM results of a type III patient?

Answer 33

Higher than normal vertical and horizontal time, but normal ratio score

Question 34

What problem does a DEM type III patient have?

Answer 34

A difficulty in number naming

Question 35

What is a DEM type IV patient?

Answer 35

Combo of types II & III