Ocular Circulation Flashcards by user O

The ophthalmic artery is a branch of the internal carotid artery. Which arteries are direct branches of the ophthalmic artery?

Central retinal artery
Lacrimal artery
Long posterior arteries (2)
Short posterior arteries (10-20)
Muscular arteries
Supraorbital artery
Posterior ethmoid artery
Anterior ethmoid artery
**Medial palpebral artery
Supratrochlear artery
Dorsonasal artery

**Medial palpebral artery could branch from dorsonasal artery

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Which arteries are direct branches of the lacrimal artery?

Recurrent meningeal artery
Zygomaticofacial artery
Zygomaticotemporal artery
Lateral palpebral artery

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Which arteries are direct branches of the muscular arteries?

Lateral (superior) muscular artery
Medial (inferior) muscular artery
Anterior ciliary arteries (but only from vessels supplying the rectus muscles)

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Which arteries are direct branches of the medial palpebral artery?

Superior medial palpebral artery

Inferior medial palpebral artery

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Which arteries are direct branches of the lateral palpebral artery?

Superior lateral palpebral artery

Inferior lateral palpebral artery

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What is the name of the anastomosis formed from the short posterior ciliary arteries?

Circle of Zinn (Haller)

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Where does the cilioretinal artery branch from?

It can branch from the short posterior ciliaries or the Circle of Zinn

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What is the name of the anastomosis formed from the long posterior ciliary arteries and the anterior ciliary arteries?

Major circle of the iris

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What is the name of the anastomosis formed from the lateral palpebral arteries and the medial palpebral arteries?

Palpebral arcades (two in each eyelid, a marginal and a peripheral)

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Which arteries are direct branches of the external carotid artery?

Facial artery
Superficial temporal artery
Maxillary artery
Middle meningeal artery

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Which arteries are direct branches of the facial artery?

Angular artery

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Which arteries are direct branches of the superficial temporal artery?

Transverse facial artery
Anterior temporal artery
Zygomatic artery

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Which arteries are direct branches of the maxillary artery?

Infraorbital artery

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The infraorbital artery forms an anastomosis with which other artery or arteries to supply the lower lid, nose, and cheek?

Dorsonasal artery

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The anterior temporal artery forms an anastomosis with which other artery or arteries to supply the forehead?

Supratrochlear artery

Supraorbital artery

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The middle meningeal artery forms an anastomosis with which other artery or arteries?

Recurrent meningeal artery

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What structure(s) is/are supplied by the central retinal artery?

Inner retina

What structure(s) is/are supplied directly by the short posterior ciliary arteries?

Choroid

What structure(s) is/are supplied by the Circle of Zinn?

Optic nerve head

What structure(s) is/are supplied by the major circle of the iris?

Iris

Ciliary body

What structure(s) is/are supplied directly by the lateral/superior muscular artery?

LR, SR, SO, levator

What structure(s) is/are supplied directly by the medial/inferior muscular artery?

MR, IR, IO

What structure(s) is/are supplied directly by the anterior ciliary arteries?

Episclera

Conjunctiva

What structure(s) is/are supplied by the posterior ethmoid artery?

Ethmoid sinus
Sphenoid sinus
Nasal cavity

What structure(s) is/are supplied by the anterior ethmoid artery?

Ethmoid sinus Frontal sinus Nasal cavity

What structure(s) is/are supplied by the palpebral arcades?

Eyelids

What structure(s) is/are supplied by the lacrimal artery?

Lacrimal gland

What structure(s) is/are supplied by the supraorbital artery?

SR, SO, levator Orbicularis Forehead

What structure(s) is/are supplied by the supratrochlear artery?

Forehead

What structure(s) is/are supplied by the dorsonasal artery?

Low lid, nose, and cheek | Lacrimal sac

What structure(s) is/are supplied by the angular artery?

Lacrimal sac

What structure(s) is/are supplied by the infraorbital artery?

IR, IO

What structure(s) is/are supplied by the zygomatic artery?

Orbicularis

The superior ophthalmic vein is formed by the joining of which two veins?

Angular vein | Supraorbital vein

Which veins drain into the superior ophthalmic vein?

``` Anterior ethmoid vein Posterior ethmoid vein Muscular veins from MR, SR, SO Lacrimal vein Superior vortex veins **Central retinal vein (sometimes the central retinal vein drains directly into the cavernous sinus) ```

Where does the central retinal vein drain?

Either into the superior ophthalmic vein or the cavernous sinus

Which veins drain into the inferior ophthalmic vein?

Muscular veins from IR, IO, LR | Inferior vortex veins

Where does the inferior ophthalmic vein drain?

It may form two branches: one that drains into the superior ophthalmic vein or the cavernous sinus; one that drains into the pterygoid venous plexus

Where does does the infraorbital vein drain?

Pterygoid venous plexus

The submandibular lymph nodes drain which structures?

Medial aspects of the eyelids; medial canthal structures (including lacrimal sac)

The parotid lymph nodes drain which structures?

Lateral eyelids; lacrimal gland

The parotid lymph nodes are also known by what name?

Preauricular lymph nodes