October health and safety

Question 1

zoonotic disease

Answer 1

diseases that can be transferred from animals to humans

Question 2

gastrointestinal infections

Answer 2

pathogens can spread between animals and people, and cause illness. eg. E. coli spp, cryptosporidium spp

Question 3

Ringworm symptoms

Answer 3

cause lesions on the skin which look like circular bald patches in animals. they look like scaly skin with a pink ring in humans

Question 4

lyme disease cause

Answer 4

caused by bacterial infection. transmitted through ticks

Question 5

lyme disease symptoms

Answer 5

early inflammatory reaction, clinical signs may develop later

Question 6

what do you do if bitten by cat

Answer 6

immediately wash with antibacterial soap and alert staff

Question 7

how is leptospirosis spread

Answer 7

through urine or blood

Question 8

prevention of leptospirosis

Answer 8

vaccinate dogs with annual lepto vaccine

Question 9

Psittacosis/ ornithosis spread

Answer 9

transmitted through inhalation of infectious material

Question 10

psittacosis symptoms

Answer 10

humans usually affected with mild flu like symptoms, but there can rarely be serious complications

Question 11

Toxoplasmosis cause and spread

Answer 11

-caused by protozoa called Toxoplasma Gondi
- spread through cat faeces, but also sheep that are aborting.

Question 12

Toxoplasmosis symptoms

Answer 12

healthy person won’t have symptoms, immunocompromised people can show infection of brain, heart, lungs and eyes, or even death

Question 13

Toxoplasmosis prevention

Answer 13

vaccination breeding sheep, cleaning cat litter boxes daily and keeping pregnant women away from cat faeces

Question 14

Listeriosis spread

Answer 14

-bacterial infection
-can be transmitted to humans on farms, mostly contracted through eating certain food

Question 15

what is a notifiable disease

Answer 15

a disease which your gp must report to the dept of health if contracted to prevent massive outbreaks.
-this is a legal requirement

Question 16

Cryptosporidium spread

Answer 16

spread by contaminated water and contact with infected faeces from humans and mainly young farm animals

Question 17

what is Cryptosporidium

Answer 17

microscopic parasite that affects small intestine
-a notifiable disease

Question 18

cryptosporidium symptoms

Answer 18

severe diarrhoea, vomiting, weight loss, stomach cramps and fever. Can even be fatal for immunosuppressant people

Question 19

cryptosporidium prevention

Answer 19

prevented by washing hands and avoiding touching faeces

Question 20

E. coli 0157 spread

Answer 20

transmitted through contaminated water or cross contamination with food, unpasteurised milk or animal faeces.

Question 21

E. coli 0157 symptoms

Answer 21

diarrhoea, fever. more severely bloody diarrhoea and even kidney failure

Question 22

E. coli 0157 prevention

Answer 22

watch out for cross ——-contamination, wash hands properly and keep raw meet refrigerated or frozen

Question 23

Toxocariasis spread

Answer 23

spread through soil contamination with eggs, direct digestions, unwashed hands and eating unwashed vegetables, faeces of infected dogs and cats.
caused by roundworms in dogs and cats

Question 24

Toxocariasis symptoms

Answer 24

inflammation of lungs, skin rashes, abdominal pains or even blindness

Question 25

Toxocariasis prevention

Answer 25

washing hands, don’t eat near animals, clean up faeces from public areas

Question 26

Gastrointestinal parasites examples

Answer 26

Giardia, roundworms, tapeworms

Question 27

Gastrointestinal parasite prevention

Answer 27

washing hands

Question 28

what is Tetanus

Answer 28

an illness caused by the toxin of the bacteria clostridium tetanti

Question 29

Tetanus symptoms

Answer 29

muscle spasm or stiffness in neck and jaw (lockjaw), difficulty swallowing, fever, sweating

Question 30

Tetanus spread

Answer 30

bacteria is found in soil, dust and manure and enters the body through cuts, puncture wounds and animal bites

Question 31

Tetanus prevention

Answer 31

get tetanus vaccination. if bitten, seek medical attention

Question 32

4 methods of disease transmission

Answer 32

-oral faecal
-direct contact
-aerosol
-sexual

Question 33

Dog bite prevention

Answer 33

avoid direct eye contact, let the dog approach you, be quiet and slow. If knocked down by aggressive dog, curl into a tight ball and stay still