Oct. 23: Emotion

Question 1

Emotion

Answer 1

-components: physiological, distinctive motor behavior, self-reported cognition, and unconscious behavior

Question 2

mood

Answer 2

-long-term, sustained emotion

Question 3

affect

Answer 3

• outward expression of emotion or mood

- how ones emotion looks from external behaviors

Question 4

James-Lange Theory

Answer 4

• stimulus creates physical arousal, arousal in interpreted as an emotion
• peripheral basis, oppose to brain basis

Question 5

Cannon-Bard Theory

Answer 5

• visual info send to thalamus, thalamus sends physiological and emotional responses
• brain central in processing of emotion

Question 6

Papez

Answer 6

• papez circuit (thalamus, hypothalamus, mamillary bodies, cingulate gyrus, hippocampus)
• limbic structures act on hypothalamus (influences endocrine system) to produce emotional states
• network model, multiple brain regions involved

Question 7

Cognitive-emotional interactions

Answer 7

• emotional system evaluates stimuli (internal or external)

- circuits in the amygdala interact with cortical circuits to influence affective behavior

Question 8

Somatic Marker Hypothesis

Answer 8

• stimuli elicit bodily changes - somatic markers
• emotion is necessary for rationale decision making as choices are made from predicted emotion of outcome based on past emotions associated with outcomes
• ventromedial PFC (VMPFC) stores knowledge of stimuli-emotion associations

Question 9

Cognitive Asymmetry and Emotion

Answer 9

• right hemisphere: automatic components of emotion (generating feeling)
• left hemisphere: cognitive control of emotion (interpreting feeling)

Question 10

Amygdala

Answer 10

• role in emotional conditioning
• not fear specific - amygdala activation from pos. and neg. words (not fear specific), reduced activated from neutral words

Question 11

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome

Answer 11

• from bilateral damage to amygdala and inferior temporal cortex
• tameness and loss of fear, indiscriminate dietary behavior, autoerotic homosexual and heterosexual activity, hypermetamorphosis, examination of objects by mouth, visual agnosia

Question 12

Insula

Answer 12

• activation during emotional event recalled or imagined

- relay role between amygdala and cortex

Question 13

Anterior cingulate gyrus

Answer 13

-role in emotional monitoring and evaluation

Question 14

Orbitofrontal cortex

Answer 14

• learning the emotional and motivational value of stimuli

- left: approaching, right: avoiding

Question 15

Asymmetry in emotional processing

Answer 15

• left hemisphere lesions lead to flattened mood
• anterior lesions reduce facial expressions
• left frontal lesions decrease talking