Oceans and fisheries

Question 1

Surface currents

Answer 1

Movement of the surface water of the sea in a constant direction

Question 2

Prevailing wind

Answer 2

The direction from which the wind nearly always blows in a particular area

Question 3

Phytoplankton

Answer 3

Small organisms in the sea that can make their own food and upon which almost all other sea creatures depend on for their food

Question 4

Limiting factor

Answer 4

Of all the factors that might affect a process, the one that is in shortest supply

Question 5

Euphotic zone

Answer 5

The top 200 m or so of seawater through which light can penetrate and in which photosynthesis can happen

Question 6

Upwelling

Answer 6

Areas where minerals at the ocean floor are brought to the surface by currents

Question 7

Over-fishing

Answer 7

When the number of fish that is caught is greater than the rate at which the fish reproduce, leading to a fall in fish numbers in the area

Question 8

El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)

Answer 8

The change of the prevailing winds that leads to a change in the pattern of currents in the oceans of the south Pacific.

Question 9

Economic exclusion zone

Answer 9

The zone around a country’s coastline that is under the control of that country

Question 10

Cod end

Answer 10

The closed end of a fishing net

Question 11

Quota

Answer 11

The legal limit on the amount of fish that can be caught