Managing natural hazards Flashcards

1
Q

Supervolcano

A

A volcano that erupts at least 1000 km(3) of material

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2
Q

Natural hazard

A

A naturally occurring event that will have a negative impact on people

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3
Q

Risk

A

The probability of a natural hazard occurring and the losses or damage that might result from that natural hazard

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4
Q

Natural disaster

A

When a natural hazard causes damage and people affected are unable to cope

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5
Q

Vulnerability

A

The characteristics and circumstances of people in a community that make them susceptible to the impacts of a natural hazard.

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6
Q

Plate tectonics

A

a theory developed in the 1960s that helps explain the formation of some of the important features on the earth’s surface and how the continents move.

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7
Q

Fold mountains

A

Mountains created where two or more tectonic plates are pushed together, compressing the rocks and folding them upwards.

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8
Q

Asthenosphere

A

The layer of the Earth below the lithosphere, it is hotter and weaker than the lithosphere above and is capable of plastic flow (deformation of material that remains rigid)

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9
Q

Sima

A

Another name for the oceanic crust, which is rich in silicate and magnesium minerals.

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10
Q

Sial

A

Another name for the continental crust , which is rich in silicate and aluminium minerals.

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11
Q

Basalt

A

A fine-grained extrusive igneous rock formed by the cooling of lava at constructive plate margins.

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12
Q

Granite

A

A coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock comprising the minerals; quartz, feldspar and mica, it is formed at destructive plate margins.

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13
Q

Tectonic plate

A

A piece of lithosphere that moves slowly on the asthenosphere, seven major, eight minor and numerous micro plates have been identified.

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14
Q

Lithosphere

A

The outer and rigid layer of the Earth, comprising of the crust and upper part of the mantle

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15
Q

Convection currents

A

Transfer heat from place to place, denser, colder fluid sinks into warmer areas, heat from the Earth’s core causes convection currents in the mantle

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16
Q

Plate boundary

A

Where two or more plates meet, the three main types of plate boundary are constructive, destructive and conservative.