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8th Science > Oceans > Flashcards

Oceans Flashcards

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1
Q

the ________ is the largest reservoir of water on the surface of the Earth and is composed of salt water

A

Ocean

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2
Q

a place where freshwater from a river meets and mixes with salt water from the ocean

A

Estuary

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3
Q

Oceanographers divide the ocean into zones according to how far down sunlight penetrates.

A

Oceanic Zones

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4
Q

the variety of life in a particular ecosystem

A

Biodiversity

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5
Q

the movement of cold, nutrient-rich water from deep layers of the ocean up to the surface.

A

Upwelling

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6
Q

the process by which the cells of plants and some other organisms use the energy of sunlight to make their own food

A

Photosynthesis

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7
Q

the process by which some organisms use the energy stored in chemical bonds to make their own food

A

Chemosynthesis

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8
Q

are recently-discovered features on the crest of oceanic ridges that release dissolved minerals into the oceans. These vents are the exit point on the ocean floor from which sea water that has seeped into the rocks of the oceanic crust (heated and containing dissolved materials from the crust) flows back into the ocean.

A

Hydrothermal Vents

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9
Q

the saltiness of a body of water

A

Salinity

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10
Q

Aquatic animals that are able to swim and move independently of water currents

A

Nekton

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11
Q

The flora and fauna found on the bottom, or in the bottom sediments of a sea, lake or other body of water

A

Benthos

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12
Q

microscopic organisms that float freely with oceanic currents and in other bodies of water. Two types of plankton are phytoplankton (tiny plants) and zooplankton (tiny animals)

A

Plankton

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13
Q

a large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply

A

Reservior

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14
Q

Coral animals survive best in warm water. Which material is MOST abundant in warm water?
A. Carbon Dioxide
B. Oxygen
C. Nitrogen

A

A. Carbon Dioxide

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15
Q

Which BEST describes the water in an estuary?
A. Brackish
B. Frozen
C. Fresh
D. Salt

A

A. Brackish

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16
Q

What area of the ocean is MOST benefited by upwelling?
A. The ocean floor
B. The ocean trenches
C. The continental shelf
D. The surface of the ocean

A

D. The surface of the ocean

17
Q

Which BEST explains why estuaries are productive ecosystems?
A. They have high saltwater content
B. They have high levels of dissolved gases
C. They receive nutrients from both rivers and the ocean
D. They receive chemicals from commercial and industrial runoff

A

C. They receive nutrients from both rivers and the ocean

18
Q

What causes upwelling in the oceans?
A. Coral reef construction
B. Photosynthesis reactions
C. Winds and ocean currents
D. Animal migration patterns

A

C. Winds and ocean currents

19
Q

Which will MOST LIKELY result if there is increased upwelling in a coastal area?
A. More aquatic life
B. Less nutrients in the water
C. Higher water temperatures
D. Fewer nitrates

A

A. More aquatic life

20
Q

Which BEST illustrates how aquatic and terrestrial food web are interconnected?
A. Sharks eat smaller fish in the ocean
B. Algal blooms feed the fish populations
C. Phytoplankton use sunlight to produce food
D. Red tide in the sea poisons land plants and animals

A

D. Red tide in the sea poisons land plants and animals

21
Q

Which BEST describes the types of organisms found in estuaries?
A. They can survive in salt water
B. They are only found in freshwater
C. They cannot tolerate brackish water
D. They tolerate both freshwater and salt water

A

D. They tolerate both freshwater and salt water

22
Q

Which organism is at the base of a marine food web?
A. Crab
B. Phytoplankton
C. Whale
D. zooplankton

A

B. Phytoplankton

23
Q

Which technology is MOST efficient in mapping large areas of the ocean?
A. Sonar
B. Robots
C. Depth gauge
D. Satellite imaging

A

D. Satellite imaging

24
Q

Which type of ocean water would contain more dissolved oxygen?
A. Cold ocean water in polar regions
B. Warm ocean water in tropical regions
C. Temperate ocean water in subtropical regions

A

A. Cold ocean water in polar regions

25
Q

Which area of deep ocean research provides the MOST economic benefit?
A. Hydropower
B. New habitats
C. Oil resources
D. Sea-floor spreading

A

C. Oil Resources

26
Q

Which MOST LIKELY causes the western coast of the US to be so plentiful and diverse of sea life?
A. Typhoons
B. Upwelling
C. Water runoff
D. Offshore winds

A

B. Upwelling

27
Q

Which is LEAST often used to study the deepest parts of the ocean floor?
A. Sonar
B. Satellites
C. Scuba divers
D. Submersibles

A

C. Scuba Divers

28
Q

Which MOST LIKELY provides energy for the tubeworms found on the deep ocean bottom?
A. Algae
B. Small fish
C. Photosynthesis
D. Hydrothermal vents

A

D. Hydrothermal vents

29
Q

Which are the 2 main sources of dissolved oxygen in the ocean?
A. Surface air and ocean plants
B. Warm water vents and Earth’s core
C. Underwater volcanoes and earthquakes
D. Animal respiration and dead matter decomposition

A

A. Surface air and ocean plants

30
Q

What has deep seas technology helped enhance understanding of the MOST?
A. Chemosynthesis
B. Photosynthesis
C. The water cycle
D. The carbon cycle

A

A. Chemosynthesis

31
Q

Which natural feature protects inland bodies of water from contamination?
A. Bog
B. Canyon
C. Estuary
D. Hydrothermal vent

A

C. Estuary

32
Q

Which factors limit the productivity of a marine ecosystem?
A. Availability of light and nutrients
B. Availability of nutrients and freshwater
C. Availability of light and chemosynthetic organisms
D. Availability of photosynthetic organisms and freshwater

A

A. Availability of light and nutrients

33
Q

Which hazard must submersible vehicles overcome while exploring and studying the deep ocean zone?
A. High waves
B. Increased salinity
C. High water pressure
D. Underwater mountain ranges

A

C. High water pressure

8th Science (14 decks)

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