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8th Science > Hydrosphere > Flashcards

Hydrosphere Flashcards

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1
Q

one of the most common substances on the surface of the Earth; composed of 1 Hydrogen atom and 2 Oxygen atoms: H2O; only substance that occurs naturally on Earth as a solid, liquid, and a gas; universal solvent

A

Water

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2
Q

all the water found on, above, and under Earth’s surface

A

Hydrosphere

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3
Q

The area of land drained by a river and its branches; the land that water flows across or under on its way to a river; 17 River basins in NC, Sampson County is in the Cape Fear River Basin which is the largest in NC.

A

River Basin

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4
Q

a river or stream that enters a larger body of water, especially a lake or river

A

Tributary

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5
Q

the continuous movement (cycle) of water between Earth’s surface and its atmosphere; involves evaporation, condensation, precipitation, runoff

A

The Water Cycle

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6
Q

a smaller area of land that drains into a stream, river, lake, or other body of water; many watersheds are within a River basin

A

Watershed

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7
Q

any body of water found on the Earth’s surface, including both the saltwater in the ocean and the freshwater in rivers, streams, and lakes

A

Surface Water

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8
Q

water located below Earth’s surface; collects as surface water and moves through some layers of rock; valuable water resource on Earth that provides drinking water

A

Groundwater

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9
Q

underground rock layer that contains a vital source of water for human consumption and use; wells are drilled into aquifers to bring the water to the surface

A

Aquifer

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10
Q

the process in which water vapor is released into the air from the leaves of plants

A

Transpiration

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11
Q

a process by which a liquid changes to a gas

A

Evaporation

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12
Q

the process by which a gas changes to a liquid

A

Condensation

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13
Q

in a solution, the substance that does the dissolving; the liquid that dissolves substances called solutes; water is the universal solvent

A

Solvent

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14
Q

Which process removes the MOST available water from the local water supply?:
A.Runoff
B. Evaporation
C. Condensation
D. transpiration

A

B. Evaporation

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15
Q

Why would normal rainfall not completely solve Raleigh’s water problems?:
A. The city has no way to store the water
B. Raleigh’s population is growing rapidly
C. Global warming is increasing the daily evaporation rate.

A

A. The city has no way to store the water

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16
Q

Which BEST describes the amount of frozen water on Earth?
A. About 2% of Earth’s water is frozen
B. About 3% of Earth’s water is frozen
C. Exactly 0.9% of Earth’s water is frozen
D. Exactly 75% of Earth’s water is frozen

A

A. About 2% of Earth’s water is frozen

17
Q

Which provides the BEST source of information about the quality of water in aquifers?
A. Wells
B. Lakes
C. Septic tanks

A

A. Wells

18
Q

Which BEST describes the process by which water from the ocean enters the atmosphere?
A. Infiltration
B. Precipitation
C. Evaporation
D. Condensation

A

C. Evaporation

19
Q

Where would the safest and LEAST polluted water most likely occur?
A. Aquifer
B. Large river
C. Mountain top snow

A

C. Mountain top snow

20
Q

Why is water from an aquifer more likely to be cleaner than water from other sources?
A. Because it forms where fresh and salt water meet
B. Because it receives water directly from precipitation
C. Because it rises to the surface near the ocean
D. Because pollutants are filtered by rock and soil deep within Earth

A

D. Because pollutants are filtered by rock and soil deep within Earth

21
Q

Where would the majority of freshwater on Earth be found?
A. Groundwater and aquifers
B. Swamps and wetlands
C. Ice caps and glaciers
D. Lakes and rivers

A

C. Ice caps and glaciers

22
Q

Which statement BEST compares the amount of water present on Earth today with the amount present millions of years ago?
A. There is slightly more water on Earth today
B. There is significantly less water on Earth today
C. There is significantly more water on Earth today
D. There is about the same amount of water on Earth today

A

D. There is about the same amount of water on Earth today

23
Q

Which factor MOST influences local water availability?
A. Runoff
B. Infiltration
C. Precipitation

A

C. Precipitation

24
Q

Which is MOST LIKELY the largest contributor to a decrease in NC’s water availability?
A. Evaporation
B. Global Warming
C. Increase in Population
D. Expansion of agricultural areas

A

C. Increase in Population

25
Q

Where is MOST of the fresh surface water located on Earth?
A. Ice Caps
B. Lakes
C. Oceans

A

A. Ice Caps

26
Q

Which is an area of land that all drains to one place?
A. River
B. Aquifer
C. Reservior
D. Watershed

A

D. Watershed

27
Q

Which is true about Earth’s water distribution?
A. About 70% is found in rivers
B. About 80% is found in glaciers
C. About 80% is found in glaciers

A

C. About 80% is found in glaciers

28
Q

Why is fresh water in short supply on Earth?
A. Most of it is frozen
B. Most of it is polluted
C. Most of it is in the atmosphere
D. Most of it is trapped underground

A

A. Most of it is frozen

29
Q

Which is Earth’s largest source of drinkable water?
A. Lakes
B. Rivers
C. Oceans
D. Aquifers

A

D. Aquifers

30
Q

Which contains MOST of the water on Earth?
A. Aquifers
B. Oceans
C. Ponds
D. Glaciers

A

B. Oceans

31
Q

Which man made problems are indicated by decreasing water levels?
A. Too few farms and farm animals
B. Rising water and soil pollution levels
C. Diversion of rainfall and river water to treatment plants
D. Water overuse by cities and wasteful irrigation methods

A

D. Water overuse by cities and watseful irrigation methods

32
Q

Which percentage represents the amount of freshwater on Earth?
A. 2%
B. 3%
C. 23%
D. 71%

A

B. 3%

33
Q

Which BEST describes the role of the water cycle?
A. Circulates existing water on Earth
B. Reduces pollution in most of the water
C. Increases usable supply of Earth’s water

A

A. Circulates existing water on Earth

8th Science (14 decks)

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