Oceanography - Exam 3

Question 1

A __ is the boundary between land and sea that is made up of unconsolidated sediment

Answer 1

beach

Question 2

A ____ is the large area along the edge of the land that is affected by marine processes.

Answer 2

coast

Question 3

Within the last 20,000 years the sea level has generally been ___________

Answer 3

falling

Question 4

A coast where tectonics is taking place at a plate boundary is at a _______

Answer 4

active continental margin

Question 5

A coast where sea level rises or land subsides so that land is lost to the sea is a ___

Answer 5

submergent coast

Question 6

A coast dominated by the removal of rock is a(n) _____________

Answer 6

erosional coast

Question 7

Sea level can change for a number of reasons including:
A. the amount of water in the oceans can change
B) the shape and size of the ocean basins can change
C) temperature can change the density of the water
D) None of these.
E) All of these

Answer 7

E) All of these

Question 8

A ___ is a coast for which the coastal processes have been acting at the coast for a long time

Answer 8

secondary coast

Question 9

True or False: Primary coast have been around long enough that the ocean has had a chance to significantly modify it

Answer 9

False – Primary coasts are so “new” that the ocean has not had a chance to modify it much.

Question 10

True or False: Land erosion coast are done by glaciers and land deposition coasts are done by rivers.

Answer 10

False – Rivers may erode the land leaving river valleys that are flooded; Glaciers may erode river valley that are then flooded forming fjords

Question 11

True or False: Not all rivers produce deltas.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Which of the following is not a condition under which a river will form a delta?
A) passive continental margin
B) low energy ocean
C) narrow continental shelf

Answer 12

C) narrow continental shelf

Question 13

The 3 basic types of deltas are each dominated by a type of water movement; which of the following is
not one of those 3 types of water movement?
A) rain
B) tides
C) waves
D) rivers

Answer 13

A) rain

Question 14

Glaciers create islands and coasts by acting like huge bulldozers pushing piles of rock and sediment in front of them, these piles left as the glaciers retreats as it melts are known as ________

Answer 14

terminal and recessional moraines

Question 15

Elevated wave cut terraces form when ______________

Answer 15

the coastal land is uplifted

Question 16

Waves erodes solid rock by _________
A) direct effects of the force of the water hitting the rock
B) abrasion of sediment in the water
C) compression of air in the cracks in the rock
D) All of these.

Answer 16

All of these.

Question 17

The rate of erosion depends on ___________
A) the energy of the waves and currents
B) the range of tides
C) hardness of the rock D) All of these.

Answer 17

All of these.

Question 18

___ are terraces that form when waves erode the rock down to just below sea level.

Answer 18

Wave cut platforms

Question 19

What process moves suspended sand along the shore in the water?

Answer 19

longshore currents

Question 20

The _____ is the section of the beach from the waterline to the berm crest.

Answer 20

foreshore

Question 21

__________ are deeper underwater regions parallel to shore.

Answer 21

Longshore troughs

Question 22

_____ are small channels in the sand on the beach made by retreating water.

Answer 22

Rill marks

Question 23

___________ form when sand is carried out into an inlet or river mouth forming a peninsula parallel to the beach.

Answer 23

Sand spits

Question 24

A coral reef that is right next to the coast of an island is a _____

Answer 24

fringing reef

Question 25

____ coasts are good biological nurseries because of the root systems in the water above the seafloor.

Answer 25

Mangrove

Question 26

_________ estuaries form when glacial troughs are flooded as seal level rises.

Answer 26

Fjord

Question 27

Tampa Bay is a(n) ___________ estuary.

Answer 27

bar built

Question 28

Which US coast has the most sand movement along the coast?

Answer 28

Pacific coast

Question 29

Which part of the Atlantic coast is dominated by rocks resistant to erosion?

Answer 29

Maryland to New Jersey

Question 30

Which one of the following responses to erosion of a developed beach can actually increase beach erosion if it is exposed to waves?

Answer 30

seawalls

Question 31

Which one of the following responses to erosion of a developed beach actually involves putting more sand onto the beach?

Answer 31

beach renourishment

Question 32

Which of the following elements is not one of the major elements that makes up life?
A) oxygen             
B) nitrogen            
C) hydrogen          
D) carbon              
E) iron

Answer 32

E) iron

Question 33

True or False: No matter how variable living things seem, they are all based on the same compounds.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Living things ______________

Answer 34

change one type of energy into another

Question 35

True or False: Highly organized organisms such as humans do not violate the 2nd law of thermodynamics because the 2nd law does not apply to living thing.

Answer 35

False: Life uses energy (usually a form of solar energy) to create this order.