Oceanography - Exam 3 Flashcards
A __ is the boundary between land and sea that is made up of unconsolidated sediment
beach
A ____ is the large area along the edge of the land that is affected by marine processes.
coast
Within the last 20,000 years the sea level has generally been ___________
falling
A coast where tectonics is taking place at a plate boundary is at a _______
active continental margin
A coast where sea level rises or land subsides so that land is lost to the sea is a ___
submergent coast
A coast dominated by the removal of rock is a(n) _____________
erosional coast
Sea level can change for a number of reasons including:
A. the amount of water in the oceans can change
B) the shape and size of the ocean basins can change
C) temperature can change the density of the water
D) None of these.
E) All of these
E) All of these
A ___ is a coast for which the coastal processes have been acting at the coast for a long time
secondary coast
True or False: Primary coast have been around long enough that the ocean has had a chance to significantly modify it
False – Primary coasts are so “new” that the ocean has not had a chance to modify it much.
True or False: Land erosion coast are done by glaciers and land deposition coasts are done by rivers.
False – Rivers may erode the land leaving river valleys that are flooded; Glaciers may erode river valley that are then flooded forming fjords
True or False: Not all rivers produce deltas.
True
Which of the following is not a condition under which a river will form a delta?
A) passive continental margin
B) low energy ocean
C) narrow continental shelf
C) narrow continental shelf
The 3 basic types of deltas are each dominated by a type of water movement; which of the following is
not one of those 3 types of water movement?
A) rain
B) tides
C) waves
D) rivers
A) rain
Glaciers create islands and coasts by acting like huge bulldozers pushing piles of rock and sediment in front of them, these piles left as the glaciers retreats as it melts are known as ________
terminal and recessional moraines
Elevated wave cut terraces form when ______________
the coastal land is uplifted
Waves erodes solid rock by _________
A) direct effects of the force of the water hitting the rock
B) abrasion of sediment in the water
C) compression of air in the cracks in the rock
D) All of these.
All of these.
The rate of erosion depends on ___________
A) the energy of the waves and currents
B) the range of tides
C) hardness of the rock D) All of these.
All of these.
___ are terraces that form when waves erode the rock down to just below sea level.
Wave cut platforms
What process moves suspended sand along the shore in the water?
longshore currents
The _____ is the section of the beach from the waterline to the berm crest.
foreshore
__________ are deeper underwater regions parallel to shore.
Longshore troughs
_____ are small channels in the sand on the beach made by retreating water.
Rill marks
___________ form when sand is carried out into an inlet or river mouth forming a peninsula parallel to the beach.
Sand spits
A coral reef that is right next to the coast of an island is a _____
fringing reef
____ coasts are good biological nurseries because of the root systems in the water above the seafloor.
Mangrove
_________ estuaries form when glacial troughs are flooded as seal level rises.
Fjord
Tampa Bay is a(n) ___________ estuary.
bar built
Which US coast has the most sand movement along the coast?
Pacific coast
Which part of the Atlantic coast is dominated by rocks resistant to erosion?
Maryland to New Jersey
Which one of the following responses to erosion of a developed beach can actually increase beach erosion if it is exposed to waves?
seawalls
Which one of the following responses to erosion of a developed beach actually involves putting more sand onto the beach?
beach renourishment
Which of the following elements is not one of the major elements that makes up life? A) oxygen B) nitrogen C) hydrogen D) carbon E) iron
E) iron
True or False: No matter how variable living things seem, they are all based on the same compounds.
True
Living things ______________
change one type of energy into another
True or False: Highly organized organisms such as humans do not violate the 2nd law of thermodynamics because the 2nd law does not apply to living thing.
False: Life uses energy (usually a form of solar energy) to create this order.
