Ocean Bottom sediments Flashcards
List sediment size smallest to largest
clay
List sediment size smallest to largest
clay
3 sources of sediment
lithogenous
biogenous
hydrogenous
What are lithogenous sediments
produced by weather rock
What is the sediment accumulation of river deltas
> 800 cm/year
What is the sediment accumulation of estuaries and bays
0.5 cm/year
What is the sediment accumulation of continental shelf and slope
10-40 cm/1000years (0.001-0.004 cm/year)
What is the sediment accumulation of the deep ocean
How do sediments travel
by currents and wind
also by glaciers
How do sediments travel
by currents and wind
also by glaciers
3 sources of sediment
lithogenous
biogenous
hydrogenous
What are lithogenous sediments
produced by weather rock
What is the sediment accumulation of river deltas
> 800 cm/year
What is the sediment accumulation of estuaries and bays
0.5 cm/year
What is the sediment accumulation of continental shelf and slope
10-40 cm/1000years (0.001-0.004 cm/year)
What is the sediment accumulation of the deep ocean
Describe the sediment depth in the deep ocean
near center, little build up due to melting rock
build up farther from center (closer to shore)
How do sediments travel
by currents and wind
also by glaciers
How does size of sediment effect travel
smaller the particle the farther it travels
What plant contributes to siliceous oozes
diatoms
What are biogenous sediments
produced by marine animals and plants
What are calcarous oozes
made up of remains of tiny shells and test containing calcium carbonate
What are the animals that contribute to calcareous oozes
dinoflagellates and foraminiferea
What are the plants that contribute to calcareous oozes
coccolithiphores
How does calcium carbonate dissolve
at high pressure, high CO2 concentration and L temp (ie deep ocean)
What does calcium carbonate dissolve into
CO2
Where is calcium carbonate presereved
shallow water
What is the water above continental shelf called
neuritic zone
What plant contributes to siliceous oozes
diatoms
What animal contributes to siliceous oozes
Radiolarians
Where/how does silicate dissolve
not at h pressure, h co2 concentration, l temp
dissolves only if not enough silica
What are the biogeneous accumulation on continental shelf
1cm per 1000 yars
what are the diatomaceous oozes accumulation
1 cm/year
What are hydrogenous sediment
precipitation from sea water or pore water (water with minerals)
What are manganese nodules
iron and manganese oxide with other heavier elements
What is the accumulation of manganese nodules
1mm/1 million years
What is the water above continental shelf called
nuritic zone
How do radioactive isotopes help date ice/water
more O18 means more evaporation meaning ice age time (glacial maximum)
How can date time from ice cores
foram test deposite
What are heinrich events
poorly sorted sediments, large rocks within mostly fin grain sediment—moraines and drop stones