Occupier Liability 57 P2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What duty is imposed by Occupier Liability Act 1957

A

Duty to keep lawful visitors safe to those premises

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2
Q

What is a lawful visitor (LV)

A

Someone who has permission to enter (expressed or implied)

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3
Q

What are the 4 types of LV

A

Repeated visits
Doctrine of allurement
Entry in order to communicate
Statutory powers of entry

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4
Q

How does repeated visits make someone a LV

A

It is implied permission for entry if D knows they are repeatedly visiting his land

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5
Q

What case is used for repeated visits which included a savage horse

A

Lowery V Walker (1911)

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6
Q

What is the doctrine of allurement

A

States that a child will not be a trespasser if they wonder to investigate something dangerous and attractive to children

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7
Q

What case is used for the doctrine of allurement which involved a boat landing on a child cause paralysis

A

Jolley V Sutton LBC (2000)

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8
Q

What is meant by Entry in order to communicate making you a LV

A

To walk up the front path of a house to the front door to communicate with an occupier is allowed and makes you a LV if done

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9
Q

What is meant by statutory powers of entry making you a LV

A

Under a wide range of circumstances people are permitted by statute to be allowed to enter premises such as a postman or firefighter

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10
Q

What does S2(1) state under OLA 57 for duty of care

A

Occupier owes a duty of care to LV

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11
Q

What does S2(2) state under OLA 57 for duty of care

A

Duty of care extends to LV and not the whole premise. Just to be reasonably safe for what LV is invited/ permitted for

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12
Q

Which case showed that the occupier must keep the LV reasonably safe and not the premise and involved a slippery floor in a takeaway

A

Laverton V Kiapasha Takeaway Supreme (2002)

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13
Q

In what case did the premise not pose a danger and said that the occupier did not have to guarantee their safety and involved a concrete bollard

A

Dean & Chapter of Rochester Cathedral V Debell (2016)

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14
Q

what is the definition of an occupier

A

Any person who controls the premises to such an extent that his carelessness could lead to a visitor suffering loss

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15
Q

Which section states the definition of premise and what is the definition

A

S1(3) - land and any building on the land including any fixed or moveable structures

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16
Q

What did Wheat V Lacon (1966) show - pub manager sub-let upstairs flat

A

Possession need not be exlusive, there can be more than one occupier of premises at any one time

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17
Q

For BREACH of duty what type of test is it and who are we tested agains’t

A

Objective test
Tested agains’t the reasonable man

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18
Q

What are the five risk factors that can be involved in breach of duty (Negligence)

A

Foreseeability, probability, severity, reasonable precautions and social utility (cases included)

19
Q

Which cases established that a failure to prevent foreseeable injuries is a breach of S2(1) DOC, not for pure accidents - bouncy castle and pool water

A

Harris V Perry and Another (2008) - bouncy castle
Tedstone V Bourne Leisure (2008) - slipped on a pool of water

20
Q

Which section of OLA 57 shows that occupiers must be prepared fr children to be less careful than adults so a higher standard is owed

A

S2(3)(a)

21
Q

Which case under S2(3)(a) involved a 7yr old child eating poisenous berries in a park which were easily accesible

A

Glasglow Corporations V Taylor (1922)

22
Q

What is the ratio for Phipp V Rochester Corp (1955) - 5yr old fell on waste ground

A

The greater DOC was owed by the parents, that they shouldnt have left the child in the care of the 7yr old sibling

23
Q

Which case is it where neither the parent or the occupier are liable as it was a pure accident - child drowned

A

Bourne Leisure V Marsden (2009)

24
Q

What did Jolly V Sutton LBC (2000) show for S2(3)(a)

A

The docturine of allurement means that the occupier must be prepared for children to be less careful

25
Q

What is S2(3)(b)

A

Professionals
A professional exercising his calling will appreciate and guard agains’t risks ordinarly present

26
Q

Which case involved chimney sweepers overcome by fumes and it was C’s fault

A

Roles V Nathan (1963)

27
Q

Which case could not rely on S2(3)(b) at all and why

A

Ogwu V Taylor (1987) - the blaze was so intense from the fire that no amount of care by C could have protected him

28
Q

Which section talks about warning signs in OLA 57

A

S2(4)(a)

29
Q

What does S2(4)(a) state

A

An occupiers liability can be discharged is he gives effectivewarnings of the danger but it must be suffient

30
Q

Which case is an example of a warning sign not being visible so a DOC was still owed - involved dangerous roofing

A

Woollins V British Celanese (1966)

31
Q

Which case stated that there is no duty to warn of an obvious risk - no need for a fence around a fishing pond

A

Darby V National Trust (2001)

32
Q

What 2 things must be mentioned before defences

A

Causation (but for test) and Remoteness (must be RF Wagon Mound)

33
Q

What are the 4 defences for OLA 57

A

S2(4)(b) Independent contractor
Volenti non injuria (consent)
Excluding liability
Contributary negligence

34
Q

What is meant by S2(4)(b) Independent contractors as a defence and what is the 3 criteria

A

Occupier not liable if visitor is injured by something dangerous that was created by faulty workmanship on the part of an outside contractor
1) must be reasonable to have brought a IC
2) took reasonable steps to ensure IC was suitably trained
3) took reasonable steps to ensure the work was done properly

35
Q

Which case showed that occupier will not be liable if the danger was created by someone he hired to do a specific job which is beyond the knowledge and expertise of the reasonable man - involved an elevator

A

Haseldine V Daw (1941)

36
Q

Which case showed that it was not reasonable to hire an IC to keep steps safe - involved school steps

A

Woodward V Mayor of Hastings (1944)

37
Q

What is meant by Volenti non injuria as a defence to OLA 57

A

When the visitor consents the risks of negligence on the part of the occupier

38
Q

Which case showed the the occupier owes no DOC to LV from obvious risks and the C consented to the risk of sliding down the banister

A

Geary V JD Weathersppon PLC (2011)

39
Q

What is meant by excluding liability as a defence to OLA 57

A

Can be done by putting up signs excluding any and all liability but it must be done sufficiently

40
Q

Which case involved a woman being hit by a railway truck that was being shunted negligently but a sign was inplace

A

Ashdown V Samuel Williams & Sons Ltd (1957)

41
Q

Which acts limit the excluding liability powers as a defence to 57

A

S2(1) UCTA - cannot limit attempt to excluse liability for death or personal injury
S65 CRA - trader cannot exclude liability for death or personal injury

42
Q

What is meant by contributory negligence as a defence to 57

A

When the C falls below the standard of the reasonable man partially causing the outcome causing reducement of damages for the amount he is to blame for his own injuries

43
Q

What remedies are avaliable under OLA 57

A

Can claim for death and personal injury
Can claim for damage to property and any consequential economic loss resulting from damge to propert (cost fo recovery)