occupational health

Question 1

it is the identification and control of the risks arising from physical, chemical, and other workplace hazards in order to establish and maintain a safe and healthy working environment

Answer 1

occupational health

Question 2

to work safely in this environment, lab personnel must learn to:

Answer 2

1. learn what hazards exist
2. what basic precautions are needed
3. apply basic common sense required

Question 3

exposure to pathogenic microorganisms inside the workplace can cause LAIs and is considered as

Answer 3

occupational hazard

Question 4

what are the 8 types of hazards?

Answer 4

1. biological hazards
2. sharp hazards
3. chemical hazards
4. physical hazards
5. radioactive hazards
6. electrical hazards
7. fire/explosive hazards
8. pyschological hazards

Question 5

source of this hazard is microorganisms frequently present in the specimens recieved in the clinlab

Answer 5

biological hazards

Question 6

source of this hazard is needles, lancets, broken glass

Answer 6

sharp hazards

Question 7

source of this hazard is wet floors, heavy boxes, elevated materials, and obstruction

Answer 7

physical hazards

Question 8

source of this hazard is ungrounded or wet equipment, and frayed cords

Answer 8

electrical hazards

Question 9

source of this hazard is open flames, organic chemicals

Answer 9

fire/explosive hazards

Question 10

what is the route of exposure?

Answer 10

ingestion
inoculation
inhalation
contamination (of the skin and mucous membranes)

Question 11

meaning sa RACE?

Answer 11

rescue
alarm
contain
extinguish

Question 12

meaning sa PASS?

Answer 12

pull
aim
squeeze
sweep

Question 13

this is caused by the ingestion of food or water that is contaminated with bacteria, viruses, or protozoa

Answer 13

enteric infections

Question 14

what are those pathogenic microorganisms that can cause enteric infections? may be present in bioaerosols

Answer 14

slamonella, shigella, escherichia coli

Question 15

this is a protozoan parasite that can also cause enteric infection. it can be identified and isolated in stool culture

Answer 15

giardia lamblia

Question 16

what causes viral enteritis?

Answer 16

rotavirus, norovirus, and adenovirus

Question 17

it is also called as a stomach flu because of its symptomps such as water diarrhea, vommiting, headache, fever, and abdominal cramps

Answer 17

viral enteritis

Question 18

what causes pharyngitis?

Answer 18

streptococcus pyogenes

Question 19

also called strep throat, characterized by swollen and reddish throat, and enlarged tonsils

Answer 19

pharyngitis

Question 20

this is a noncontagious bacterial infection of the skin and/or the tissues beneath the skin (dermis and subcutaneous tissue)

Answer 20

cellulitis

Question 21

what causes cellulitis?

Answer 21

staphylococcus and streptococcus

Question 22

inflammation of the outermost layer of the eye and inner surface of the eyelids

Answer 22

conjunctivitis

Question 23

what are the two types of conjunctivitis?

Answer 23

1. non-acute bacterial conjunctivitis
   viral conjunctivitis

Question 24

what causes non-acute bacterial conjunctivitis?

Answer 24

staphylococi and streptococci

Question 25

what causes viral conjunctivitis?

Answer 25

adenovirus

Question 26

what are the two types of contact of blod-borne diseases?

Answer 26

1. direct contact
2. vector-borne transmission

Question 27

the pathogen enters the skin of a person through a vector

Answer 27

vector-borne transmission

Question 28

this is a condition characterized by the inflammation of the liver

Answer 28

hepatitis

Question 29

what type of hepatitis can be contracted through blood-to-blood contact?

Answer 29

hepatitis b, c, and d

Question 30

what type of hepatitis can also be spread through saliva, semen, and vaginal fluid?

Answer 30

hepatitis b

Question 31

what type of hepatitis can be transmitted percutaneously or sexually through contact with infected blood?

Answer 31

hepatitis d

Question 32

this type of hepatitis is dangerous because it is a silent infection

Answer 32

hepatitis b

Question 33

this type of hepatitis as originally known as non-a non-b hepatitis. it has the ability to evade the body’s immune system because it changes in form

Answer 33

hepatitis c

Question 34

this type of hepatitis is originally known as delta virus. it is a defective virus that requires the presence of hepatitis b virus to replicate

Answer 34

hepatitis d

Question 35

it is a severe disease that presents the late stage of infection with HIV, causing defective functioning of the body’s immune system

Answer 35

aids

Question 36

vector of dengue virus?

Answer 36

Aedes aegypti

Question 37

it is also known as the breakbone fever

Answer 37

dengue

Question 38

this is characterized by nonspecific flu-like illness such as fever, fatigue, muscle and joint pain, and headache

Answer 38

viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF)

Question 39

what causes viral hemorrhagic fever?

Answer 39

arenavirus, filoviridae, bunyaviridae, flaviviridae

Question 40

what is the vector of malaria?

Answer 40

anopheles mosquito

Question 41

unsa tung lima ka plasmodium sa malaria?

Answer 41

plasmodium falciparum
plasmodium malariae
plasmodium ovale
plasmodium vivax
plasmodium knowlese

Question 42

what causes tuberculosis?

Answer 42

mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 43

what is the most common cause of LAI’s?

Answer 43

needlestick injuries