occupational health Flashcards
it is the identification and control of the risks arising from physical, chemical, and other workplace hazards in order to establish and maintain a safe and healthy working environment
occupational health
to work safely in this environment, lab personnel must learn to:
- learn what hazards exist
- what basic precautions are needed
- apply basic common sense required
exposure to pathogenic microorganisms inside the workplace can cause LAIs and is considered as
occupational hazard
what are the 8 types of hazards?
- biological hazards
- sharp hazards
- chemical hazards
- physical hazards
- radioactive hazards
- electrical hazards
- fire/explosive hazards
- pyschological hazards
source of this hazard is microorganisms frequently present in the specimens recieved in the clinlab
biological hazards
source of this hazard is needles, lancets, broken glass
sharp hazards
source of this hazard is wet floors, heavy boxes, elevated materials, and obstruction
physical hazards
source of this hazard is ungrounded or wet equipment, and frayed cords
electrical hazards
source of this hazard is open flames, organic chemicals
fire/explosive hazards
what is the route of exposure?
ingestion
inoculation
inhalation
contamination (of the skin and mucous membranes)
meaning sa RACE?
rescue
alarm
contain
extinguish
meaning sa PASS?
pull
aim
squeeze
sweep
this is caused by the ingestion of food or water that is contaminated with bacteria, viruses, or protozoa
enteric infections
what are those pathogenic microorganisms that can cause enteric infections? may be present in bioaerosols
slamonella, shigella, escherichia coli
this is a protozoan parasite that can also cause enteric infection. it can be identified and isolated in stool culture
giardia lamblia
what causes viral enteritis?
rotavirus, norovirus, and adenovirus
it is also called as a stomach flu because of its symptomps such as water diarrhea, vommiting, headache, fever, and abdominal cramps
viral enteritis
what causes pharyngitis?
streptococcus pyogenes
also called strep throat, characterized by swollen and reddish throat, and enlarged tonsils
pharyngitis
this is a noncontagious bacterial infection of the skin and/or the tissues beneath the skin (dermis and subcutaneous tissue)
cellulitis
what causes cellulitis?
staphylococcus and streptococcus
inflammation of the outermost layer of the eye and inner surface of the eyelids
conjunctivitis
what are the two types of conjunctivitis?
- non-acute bacterial conjunctivitis
viral conjunctivitis
what causes non-acute bacterial conjunctivitis?
staphylococi and streptococci
what causes viral conjunctivitis?
adenovirus
what are the two types of contact of blod-borne diseases?
- direct contact
- vector-borne transmission
the pathogen enters the skin of a person through a vector
vector-borne transmission
this is a condition characterized by the inflammation of the liver
hepatitis
what type of hepatitis can be contracted through blood-to-blood contact?
hepatitis b, c, and d
what type of hepatitis can also be spread through saliva, semen, and vaginal fluid?
hepatitis b
what type of hepatitis can be transmitted percutaneously or sexually through contact with infected blood?
hepatitis d
this type of hepatitis is dangerous because it is a silent infection
hepatitis b
this type of hepatitis as originally known as non-a non-b hepatitis. it has the ability to evade the body’s immune system because it changes in form
hepatitis c
this type of hepatitis is originally known as delta virus. it is a defective virus that requires the presence of hepatitis b virus to replicate
hepatitis d
it is a severe disease that presents the late stage of infection with HIV, causing defective functioning of the body’s immune system
aids
vector of dengue virus?
Aedes aegypti
it is also known as the breakbone fever
dengue
this is characterized by nonspecific flu-like illness such as fever, fatigue, muscle and joint pain, and headache
viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF)
what causes viral hemorrhagic fever?
arenavirus, filoviridae, bunyaviridae, flaviviridae
what is the vector of malaria?
anopheles mosquito
unsa tung lima ka plasmodium sa malaria?
plasmodium falciparum
plasmodium malariae
plasmodium ovale
plasmodium vivax
plasmodium knowlese
what causes tuberculosis?
mycobacterium tuberculosis
what is the most common cause of LAI’s?
needlestick injuries
