Healthcare Waste Management

Question 1

wastes generated by Diagnosis, treatment, and immunization of humans

Answer 1

health care wastes

Question 2

wastes generated by - Research using laboratory animals geared towards
improvement of human health;

Answer 2

health care wastes

Question 3

between 75-90% of wastes generated by health care activities are ______

Answer 3

non-hazardous

Question 4

__% of sampled facilities from __ countries had adequate systems in place for the safe disposal of healthcare wastes

Answer 4

58%, 24 countries

Question 5

what percent of wastes generated by healthcare activities are non-hazardous?

Answer 5

10-25%

Question 6

in the Philippines, what percentage of waste from healthcare facilities are hazardous?

Answer 6

30.36%

Question 7

in the ph, what % of wastes from health care facilities are general wastes?

Answer 7

69.63%

Question 8

hospitals generate an average of ___kg of infectious sharps and pathological wastes and __kg of general wastes per bed per day

Answer 8

0.34 —— 0.39

Question 9

all health care facilities, institution, business
establishment, and other spaces where health care
services are offered with activities or work processes
that generate health care waste.

Answer 9

Health Care Waste Generators

Question 10

what are the categories of wastes?

Answer 10

1. infectious waste
2. pathological & anatomical wastes
3. sharps
4. chemical wastes
5. pharmaceutical wastes
6. radioactive wastes
7. non-hazardous/ general waste

Question 11

• all wastes suspected to contain pathogens or toxins
  in sufficient concentration that may cause disease.

Answer 11

infectious wastes

Question 12

• Tissue sections and body fluids or organs derived
  from biopsies, autopsies, or surgical procedures sent
  to the laboratory for examination.

Answer 12

PATHOLOGICAL & ANATOMICAL WASTE

Question 13

• Waste items that can cause cuts, pricks, or puncture
  wounds

Answer 13

SHARPS

Question 14

Discarded chemical generated during disinfection
and sterilization procedures

Answer 14

CHEMICAL WASTES

Question 15

Expired, split, and contaminated pharmaceutical
products, drugs, and vaccines including discarded
items used in handling pharmaceuticals

Answer 15

PHARMACEUTICAL WASTES

Question 16

Wastes exposed to radionuclides including
radioactive diagnostic materials or radiotherapeutic
materials.

Answer 16

RADIOACTIVE WASTES

Question 17

Wastes that have not been in
contact with communicable or
infectious agents, hazardous
chemicals, or radioactive
substances, and do not pose a
hazard

Answer 17

NON-HAZARDOUS OR GENERAL WASTES

Question 18

enumerate the pyramid of healthcare WM system from most preferable to least preferable

Answer 18

prevent
reduce
reuse
recycle
recover
treat
dispose

Question 19

Bin: strong leak-proof bin
with cover labelled ‘infectious’
with biohazard symbol
Liner: yellow plastic that can
withstand autoclaving with
0.009 mm thickness

Answer 19

infectious waste

Question 20

Bin: strong leak-proof bin with cover labelled
‘pathological/anatomical waste’ with biohazard
symbol
- Liner: yellow plastic that can withstand autoclaving
with 0.009 mm thickness

Answer 20

pathological/anatomical waste

Question 21

Bin: puncture-proof
container with a wide mouth
and cover
- Liner: not applicable

Answer 21

SHARPS

Question 22

bin is a disposable
bottle made of ambercolored glass with at
least 4 liters capacity that
is string, chemical-resistant, and leak-proof
Liner: yellow with black band plastic with 0.009 mm

Answer 22

CHEMICAL WASTES

Question 23

Bin: strong leak-proof
bin with cover labelled
‘pharmaceutical waste’
Bin: strong leak-proof
bin with cover labelled
‘pharmaceutical waste’

Answer 23

• PHARMACEUTICAL WASTES

Question 24

Bin: radiation proof repositories, leak-proof, and
lead-lined container
Liner: orange plastic with
0.009 mm thickness

Answer 24

RADIOACTIVE WASTES

Question 25

Bin: optional recycle symbol for recyclable non-hazardous wastes; Bin: optional recycle symbol for recyclable non-hazardous waste

Answer 25

GENERAL WASTES

Question 26

what are the seven treatments and disposal of health care wastes?

Answer 26

1. pyrolysis 2. autoclave 3. microwave 4. chemical disinfection 5. biological process 6. encapsulation 7. inertization

Question 27

Thermal decomposition of health care wastes in the absence of supplied molecular oxygen in the destruction chamber where waste is converted into gaseous, liquid, or solid form.

Answer 27

* PYROLYSIS

Question 28

The use of steam sterilization to render waste harmless and is an efficient wet thermal disinfection process. The usual setting is at 121C with a pressure of 15v psi for 15 to 30 minutes.

Answer 28

AUTOCLAVE

Question 29

Typically incorporates some type of size reduction device. Wastes are exposed to microwave that raise the temperature to 100C for at least 30 minutes.

Answer 29

MICROWAVE

Question 30

Chemicals like Na hypochlorite, Hydrogen peroxide, peroxyacetic acid, and heated alkali are added to health care wastes to kill or inactivate present pathogens. 5% Na hypochlorite is recommended.

Answer 30

* CHEMICAL DISINFECTION

Question 31

Uses an enzyme mixture to decontaminate health care wastes. The technology is suited for large applications.

Answer 31

BIOLOGICAL PROCESS

Question 32

Involves filling of containers with water, adding and immobilizing material, and sealing the containers. The containers are filled with plastic foam, sand, and cement mortar, sealed, and disposed in a landfill.

Answer 32

ENCAPSULATION

Question 33

Especially suitable for pharmaceutical waste that involves the mixing of waste with cement and other substances before disposal.

Answer 33

* INERTIZATION