Occlusal Trauma (E2,L4) Flashcards
_________: Defined as damage to the periodontium caused by stresses on the teeth produced directly or indirectly by teeth in the opposing jaw.
Perio Trauma from Occlusion
Trauma from occlusion is considered to be _________. Forces of occlusion that _______ the adaptive capacity of the periodontium.
PATHOLOGICAL…..EXCEED
The 4 variables of occlusal trauma to Perio disease are direction, magnitude, duration, and frequency of the _______.
FORCES
What are the three periodontal components affected by occlusal trauma? What 2 components of the periodontium are NOT affected by occ trauma???
Affected: 1.Cementum 2.PDL 3.Alveolar Bone Proper….NOT affected: 1. Gingiva 2.Junctional Epithelium
Clinical Symptoms of Occlusal Trauma: Radiographic evidence of “ ________”/”_______” PDL.
“thickened”/”widened”
Clinical Symptoms of Occlusal Trauma: Evidence of occlusal _____ in centric relation or centric occlusion
slide
Clinical Symptoms of Occlusal Trauma: Evidence of occlusal interference in ________ mandibular movement.
protrusive
Clinical Symptoms of Occlusal Trauma: Evidence of ______ and/or balancing side occlusal interferences.
working
YAY LATIN!!!! _______: a tremulous vibratory movement of a tooth when teeth come into functional contact – generally detected by finger palpation.
Fremitus!
Trauma from occlusion on the compression side: Compression of PDL fibers with INITIAL decrease in _____ of PDL space.
width
Trauma from occlusion on the compression side: Loss of _____ orientation.
PDL fiber
Trauma from occlusion on the compression side: Rupture of capillaries and hemorrhage into ____ perivascular spaces.
PDL
Trauma from occlusion on the compression side: Resorption of alveolar bone proper followed by _______ of PDL space.
widening
Trauma from occlusion on the compression side: If SEVERE, _____ resorption may occur
root!
WHICH SIDE displays surface resorption of bone and compacting of PDL?
Compression side of tooth movement! (like in ortho!)
Trauma from Occlusion: Tension side– Tension (stretching) of fibers with initial ______ in PDL space.
INCREASE
Trauma from Occlusion: Tension side–Rupture of ____ fiber bundles.
PDL
Trauma from Occlusion: Tension side– _______ of PDL capillaries and hemorrhage into PDL perivascular spaces.
Compression
Trauma from Occlusion: Tension side– _______ of new alveolar bone proper followed by _______ in PDL space.
Apposition…Decrease!
Trauma from Occlusion: Tension side– the cementum shows ______
tearing
Which type of occlusal trauma? Occurs when occlusal forces are excessive (increased) and the amount of alveolar bone support is normal.
PRIMARY occlusal trauma
Primary Occlusal Trauma from NON-Vertical Forces: Pressure points on bone and PDL with forces NOT in ______ of the tooth during excursive movements.
long axis
Which type of occlusal trauma? Occurs when occlusal forces are NORMAL OR EXCESSIVE and the amount of alveolar bone support is REDUCED.
SECONDARY occlusal trauma
Occlusal HYPERfunction: _______ increase in occlusal force. Considered to be a ________ adaptation and not a _______ entity.
Slight….. physiologic…pathologic
Occlusal HYPERfunction: ______ in number and diameter of collagen fiber bundles in PDL…._______ width of PDL
INCREASE….INCREASED
Occlusal HYPERfunction: What happens to the density and thickness of alveolar bone proper (lamina dura)?
INCREASES density/thickness
Occlusal HYPERfunction: Radiographic evidence of _________ of alveolar bone with PDL insertions.
osteosclerosis
Occlusal HYPERfunction: ______ or ________ tooth mobility
slight or undetectable
Occlusal HYPOfunction: A mild ________ of the tooth supporting structures due to lack of physiologic stimulation
weakening
Occlusal HYPOfunction: Considered to be a ________ adaptation and not a ________ entity.
physiologic….pathologic
Occlusal HYPOfunction: What is the ONLY method of diagnosing this condition?
HISTOLOGICALLY!
Occlusal HYPOfunction: we see a _______ in number of PDL fiber bundles but normal _______.
decrease….orientation
Occlusal HYPOfunction: ________ physiologic turnover and remodeling of alveolar bone.
decreased
Occlusal HYPOfunction: ________ of PDL space.
NARROWING
Occlusal HYPOfunction: what happens to tooth mobility?
no change
_________: Total removal of occlusal forces resulting in lack of the level of physiologic stimulation required to maintain normal form and function. AGAIN: Considered to be a physiologic adaptation rather than a pathologic feature of disease.
Disuse Atrophy
DISUSE ATROPHY: Radiographic evidence of _______ width of PDL space.
decreased
DISUSE ATROPHY: _______ tooth mobility is always present.
increased
DISUSE ATROPHY: Absence of occlusal ________
antagonist
DISUSE ATROPHY: Loss of ________ of the principle fiber bundles of the PDL
orientation
DISUSE ATROPHY: Significant ________ in number of bony trabeculae, i.e., localized osteoporosis
decrease
Really Big Take Home Message! Occ Trauma&Perio Disease: Trauma from occlusion, in the absence of inflammation DOES NOT CAUSE 1._________ 2.________ 3.________. They are caused by bacteria, but yes occ trauma can exacerbate these.
1.gingivitis 2.periodontitis 3.pocket formation
Monkey & Dog Research: When bone loss is the result of periodontitis in the presence of occlusal trauma, removal of the occlusal trauma will not result in ________ of crestal bone.
regeneration
Monkey & Dog Research: Bone alterations resulting from occlusal trauma alone are ________ when the trauma is removed.
REVERSIBLE!
Monkey & Dog Research: When bone loss is the result of periodontitis in the presence of occlusal trauma, removal (treatment) of both will result in a remarkable, but not complete, _________ of bone .
regeneration
Boom. Main Point..Monkey & Dog Research: Periodontitis with superimposed occlusal trauma produces ______ bone loss than periodontitis alone.
MORE
Human Research: Study provides strong evidence of an association between untreated occlusal discrepancies and the progression of periodontal disease. In addition, the study shows that occlusal treatment significantly ______ the progression of periodontal disease over time.
REDUCES
What is usually the first treatment for malocclusion/palatal impingement?
ortho!
_______ disease: The creation of additional problems or complications as a result of treatment.
IATROGENIC
_______ of crowns and gingival ______ of crowns and restorations were important determinants of periodontal health.
contour….margins
Gingival margin ________ of interproximal restorations are associated with periodontal pockets that are significantly deeper than sites where there is no restoration.
OVERHANGS
Gingival inflammation and plaque retention scores show significant decreases following removal of the _______.
overhang
Gingival Margin _______ are associated with gingival inflammation, bone loss, and microbial plaque and calculus accumulation.
overhangs
What is the optimal CROWN to ROOT ratio??
C1:1.5-2R
Force vectors outside the long axis of the roots tend to produce a rocking motion and _____ bone loss
vertical
