Furcation Involvment (E2, L1) Flashcards
Which is harder to clean: a long root trunk or a short root trunk? What does this mean about PM with furcation involvement?
longer is harder to clean, more surface area for bacteria to stick to…PMs have terrible prognosis
Important to know the numba’s: What are the three furcation measurements for a Maxillary Molar? (F, M, D)
F-4mm, M-3mm, D-5mm
Important to know the numba’s: What are the two furcation measurements for a Maxillary Bicuspid? (M,D)
M-7mm, D-7mm
Important to know the numba’s: What are the 2 furcation measurements for a mandibular molar? (F,L)
F-3mm, L-4mm
Root concavities can be difficult to clean, for example the M root of a mand 1st molar can have a ___mm concavity.
0.7mm
Did you know, bifurcation ridges are present on __% of mandibular molars?
73%…yay! you did know!
How are you going to probe the mesial furcation on a maxillary molar?
Through the palate! (she said an exam question example)
Which furcation class system has 4 classes? Which one only uses 3?
Glickman has 4 Classifications, Hamp uses 3
What are the two indications of a Glickman Class I furcation involvement?
1.Incipient Bone Loss 2.Radiographically not evident
What are the three indications for a Glickman Class II furcation?
1.Partial Bone Loss (cul-del-sac) 2.Depth will Vary (early OR advanced) 3.Radiograph may or may not appear
What are the three indications for Glickman’s Class III furcation?
1.Through and through 2.inter-radicular bone is completely absent 3.Radiographic evidence is a usual finding
What are the two indications for Glickman’s Class IV furcation involvement?
1.Through and through with furcation exposure due to gingival recession 2.Almost always shows in radiographs
What is a Hamp Class I?
less than 2mm of furcation bone loss
What is a Hamp Class II?
> 2mm loss in furcation
What is a Hamp Class III?
through and through bone loss in furcation ( that MAY or MAY NOT be exposed c/o gingival recession)
What is a common complication when cleaning a furcation with an instrument?
the entrance is usually 1mm while the curet is 1.25mm!!
What is a GRADE I Cervical Enamel Projection???
Distinct change in the CEJ that projects toward the furca.
What is a GRADE II Cervical Enamel Projection???
CEP approaching the furcation
What is a GRADE III Cervical Enamel Projection???
CEP at the roof of OR INTO the furcation
Which teeth are most common to have a CEP (cervical enamel projection)?
28.6% of mand molars….only 17% of maxillary molars
DID YOU KNOW: CEPs in 90% of mand molars with _____ involvement!
furcation
DID YOU KNOW: there is a ___% association between the presence of a CEP and furcation involvement!!
50%
Which teeth are most likely to have ENAMEL PEARLS? what % of permanent molars in general?
WHIZZIES!!! 75% of them!! only 1-5% of permanent molars in general
Accessory Canals! Actually pretty common on 1st molars…to the tune of ___% on MAXillary and ___% on MANDibular molars.(FML says the endodontist)
36% for MAX…..32% for MAND
Accessory Canals! Also fairly common on 2nd molars: more common on MAND 2nd molars @ ___% and ___% on MAX 2nd molars.
24% of mand 2nd’s….and 12% of MAX ends
In NON-VITAL teeth or those with pulpitis, accessory canals are often associated with Abscess “________” of the furcal bone.
“blow-outs”
A tooth loss study: in a 22 year study of 459 pt’s-well maintained pt’s lost 0-3 teeth ___% of the time (with ___% of them losing 0 teeth)! Whereas only __% lost 10-23 teeth.
83% (50%)!!…4%
Frequency of losing teeth…WHAT ARE THE 4 most susceptible teeth to be lost in perio disease?????
1.Max 2nd Molar 2.Max 1st molar (freaking gravity!) 3.Mand 2nd molar 4.Mand 1st molar
Frequency of losing teeth…WHAT ARE THE 2 LEAST susceptible teeth to be lost in perio disease?????
1.Maxillary Cuspid 2.Mandibular Cuspid
What is the overall average length for a furcation? (dumb question c/o vagueness but I can see it coming up)
3mm
