Obstructive Sleep Apnea Flashcards
1
Q
where and why does OSA occur?
A
- between the region of the tongue and the epiglottis
2
Q
Risk factors to sleep apnea?
A
- fat in upper airway structures
- smoking
- craniofacial abnormalities
- male
- aging
- menopause
3
Q
Symptoms of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
A
- excessive daytime sleepiness/unrefreshing sleep
- loud snoring
- witnessed apneas
- insomnia
- mouth breathing, sore throat
- morning headaches
- nocturia
- cognitive impairment
- impotence
4
Q
An epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) score of what is abnormal?
A
Greater than 11= abnormal
5
Q
Diagnostic testing in obstructive sleep apnea
A
- in lab polysomnography (PSG)
- home sleep testing: type 3 (4-7 channels: oximetry, airflow, nasal pressure, respiratory effort, HR)
6
Q
What is considered mild, moderate and severe OSA?
A
- 5-14.9: mild
- 15-29.9: moderate
- > 30: severe
Apnea Hypopnea index
7
Q
Who do we treat with OSA?
A
AHI 5-15 with any of the following:
- hypertension
- stroke
- excessive daytime sleepiness
- ischemic heart disease
- insomnia
- mood disorders
8
Q
what are some cardiovascular consequences to obstructive sleep apnea?
A
- systemic hypertension
- coronary artery disease
- arrhythmias
- congestive heart failure
- mortality
