Obstretics Part 2

Question 1

Preterm labour Placental Factors

Answer 1

Placenta Previa, Abruptio placenta

Question 2

Spontaneous Abortion (miscarriage) Facts

Answer 2

Termination of pregnancy before the 20th week of gestation. Track pad and tampon use. Intensified menstrual complaint

Question 3

Efaced

Answer 3

10 CM or bigger dilated

Question 4

Threatened Abortion (4 facts)

Answer 4

Attempting to take place. Vaginal bleeding during first half of pregnancy. Can progress or subside. Continue with normal activity

Question 5

Inevitable Abortion

Answer 5

Spontaneous abortion that cannot be prevented. Severe abdominal pain caused by strong uterine contractions. Vaginal bleeding and cervical dilation

Question 6

Incomplete abortion

Answer 6

Some products of conception remain in uterus. Watch for shock. Cervix dilated to expel fetus. If any visiable retained products seen constant OLMC. Risk for sepsis. D&C may be needed

Question 7

Missed abortion

Answer 7

Fetus die during the first 20 weeks but remains in utero. Brownish vaginal discharge. Sepsis

Question 8

Placenta Previa

Answer 8

Abnormal Implantation of placenta. Painless vaginal bleeding in 3rd trimester. Uterus soft. Management is get to hospital for C section

Question 9

Abruptio Placenta

Answer 9

Premature separation between the uterine wall and mom’s side after 20th week. Can be partial or complete. Pre existing things like trauma diabetes smoking etc causes this

Question 10

Uterine Rupture

Answer 10

During labour or close to then. Prev c section patients most at risk. Trauma. Mortality 100% for fetus

Question 11

Signs and symptoms of Uterine rupture

Answer 11

Severe sharp tearing abdominal pain. Lack of uterine contour. Easily palpable fetus parts. Shock.

Question 12

Gestational hypertension requirements

Answer 12

Increased BP diagnosed. After 20 weeks without systemic involvement

Question 13

Pre eclampsia and eclampsia involve what system

Answer 13

RAAS

Question 14

HELLP Syndrome meaning

Answer 14

H-Hemilysis anemia (destruction of red blood cells). E+L - Elevated Liver Enzymes (liver damage). L+P - Low platelet count

Question 15

What is HELLP

Answer 15

Life threatening liver disorder/end organ failure thought to be a variant of severe preeclampsia in 10-20 diagnosed.

Question 16

HELPP syndrome Symptoms. (5)

Answer 16

Fatigued, Abdo pain, Nausea vow, Blurred vision, Headache

Question 17

Gestational Diabetes

Answer 17

Caused by Hormonal changes. Consider hypoglycemia. Testing for this is done approx 26-28 weeks

Question 18

Hormones involved with Maternal Diabetes

Answer 18

HPL, Cortisol, HCG, Progesterone - cause increase high levels of glucose. However that makes the mothers body resistant to insulin so more glucose goes to fetus

Question 19

Pulmonary embolism and Pregnancy

Answer 19

Most common cause of maternal deal. During childbirth or post pardon. Embolism travels from pelvic circulation (trauma from child birth)

Question 20

Vulnerability of a pregnant woman in trauma - Digestive

Answer 20

Bowel motility decreases, stomach stays full longer, chances of aspiration are increased

Question 21

Vulnerability of the pregnant woman in trauma. -bladder

Answer 21

Displaced upward and forward as early as second trimester

Question 22

Vulnerability of the pregnant woman in trauma -vascular volume

Answer 22

Increase vasc volume in pregnancy. Cardiac output and resting pulse rate increase. Difficult to interpret tachycardia. Hypovolemia symptoms not as evident. Relative redistribution in blood volume especially in pelvic region