Obstetrics Flashcards
fecundity
the capacity to conceive (measured as the monthly probability of conception - normal is 20% for fertile women)
asthenozoospermia
abnormal sperm motility
teratospermia
abnormal sperm morphology
Naegele’s rule
Due date = LMP + 280 days (9mnths + 7ds)
Severe nausea & vomiting during pregnancy (–> LOW & dehydration)
Hyperemesis gravidarum
Zygosity
number of fertilised eggs
chorionicity
number of placentae
amnionicity
number of amniotic cavities
One fertilised egg, separates <3 days
dichorionic diamniotic pregnancy (DCDA)
One fertilised egg, separates in days 4-8
monochorionic diamniotic pregnancy (MCDA)
One fertilised egg, separates in days 7-12
monochorionic monoamniotic pregnancy (MCMA)
One fertilised egg, separates >12 days
conjoined twins
Monochorionic twins, 1 twin hyperperfused 1 twin hypoperfused, 1 twin polyhydramnios 1 twin oligohydramnios
Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS)
Miscarriage
Spontaneous loss of intrauterine pregnancy <20wks gestation
Recurrent miscarriage
3+ consecutive pregnancies lost
pelvic pain (unilateral –> generalised), shoulder tip pain, delayed period, abnormal bleeding, tender adnexal mass, shock, peritonism
Ectopic pregnancy
Implantation of the fertilised ovum in tissue other than the
endometrium of the uterine cavity
ectopic pregnancy
Most common site of ectopic pregnancy
fallopian tube (97%)
Infant - cicatricial skin lesions, limb hypoplasia, microcephaly, ophthalmic lesions
congenital varicella syndrome (CVS)
Flu-like illness + unpasteurised milk, soft cheeses, pre-prepared salads, uncooked seafood, processed meats
Listeria monocytogenes
Infection of the amniotic fluid, placenta, membranes and/or decidua
Chorioamnionitis
Pre-eclampsia
de novo hypertension arising >20 weeks gestation, returning to normal within 3 months postpartum, plus evidence of dysfunction in at least one other organ (placental disorder)
Eclampsia
pre-eclampsia + convulsions
Gestational HTN
de novo hypertension arising >20 weeks gestation without any other feature of preeclampsia, returning to normal within 3 months postpartum
In pregnancy - headaches, visual scintillations, epigastric/RUQ pain, oliguria, lower abdominal pain, bleeding (placental abruption), reduced foetal movements
Pre-eclampsia (+ convulsions = eclampsia)
Carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity with onset or first recognition during pregnancy
Gestational DM
Pruritus in the absence of a skin rash with abnormal LFTs (in pregnancy)
Cholestasis of pregnancy
The three Ps of delivery
Passenger (foetus), Passage (pelvis), Power (uterine contractions)