Observations, Assessments, Transfers Flashcards
soleus flexibility assessment
partial squat
WBDF test (weight bearing dorsiflexion test)
could also be due to limitation in ankle movement
toes mmt (Flexor Digitorum Longus & Brevis, Extensor Digitorum Longus)
knee observation - gait pattern
- antalgic gait (limping) = stance phase shortened on painful side
- circumduction
- knee hyper extension
- use of walking aids
knee observation
general: look for symmetry, scars, bruising, redness/looseness of tissue, muscle bulk (atrophy, hypertrophy, symmetry), deformity, willingness of pt to move
anterior view: height of landmarks (patellae), Q angle (normal = 13-18 degrees), tubercle sulcus angle (normal
posterior view: height of landmarks (popliteal folds/creases)
lateral view: genu recurvatum, osgood-schlatter’s disease
patellar path: from extension to flexion should go lateral, then medial (note that initial unlocking of the knee from full extension will shift patella medial)
hip RISOM abduction and adduction
pt supine, hip 0 degree of abd/add (for both)
Measurement of Q angle
- measurement btw rectus femoris and patellar tendon
- normal = ~13 (males) and ~18 (females)
ankle observation

ankle oedema assessment
hip oedema assessment
difficult to detect and measure at hip
leg length assessment - Weber Barstow Maneuver
MMT Hip Ext NG
knee oedema assessment - patellar tap test
MMT Hip Abduction VG specific muscles
Ankle PFlex ROM
knee MMT ( flexion no gravity)
MMT Hip Flex VG
toes RISOM - flexion, extension, abduction, adduction
Pt position: supine, ankle in neutral and toes relaxed
1stMTPExt rom
knee - RISOM (knee extension)
- patient supine with knee flexed 30 degrees
Transfers for patients following TKR / Post Knee Surgery / Acute Injury
Contraindications:
Varies with condition
Generally no specific contraindication to ROM post TKR
Primary consideration:
Quadriceps weakness / inhibition
No active control / ability to maintain knee extension against gravity
Approach
Pt instructed to cross ankles, with affected side on top (in order to support the affected LE)
Hip IR ER ROM (supine)
Great Toe MMT (flexor hallucis longus and brevis, extensor hallucis longus and brevis, abductor hallucis)
MMT Hip Abduction NG
hip RISOM - extension
pt supine, hip slightly flexed, knee extended
transfers for pts with thr

knee flexibility assessment - hamstrings (SLR)
hip flexibility assessment - iliopsoas
knee - RISOM (knee flexion)
- patient is supine, knee flexed 90 degrees
knee flexibility assessment - rectus femoris (prone)
hip flexibility assessment: Iliopsoas, Rectus Femoris, Sartorius, TFL / ITB
knee flexibility assessment - rectus femoris (not prone)
modified thomas test
Hip Extension ROM
Ankle PFlex vg
knee ROM assessment - knee flexion
Knee Swelling Assessment - circumference measure
ankle RISOM - DF, PF, inversion, eversion
Pt position: supine or long sitting, ankle in neutral position for all mvts (neutral
position = ~10-20° PF, 0° inv/ev)
hip flexibility assessment - TFL / ITB
femoral length assessment
Hip MMT IR ER VG & Resist
knee ROM assessment - knee extension
RISOM hip - flexion
pt supine, hip flexed 45 degrees, knee slightly flexed
MMT Hip Ext VG
Hip flexion ROM
knee ROM assessment - tibial IR and ER
knee MMT - (extension no gravity)
MMT Hip Abduction VG
Hip ABD ROM
MMT Hip ADD VG
hip RISOM - IR and ER
pt supine, hip and knee 90 degrees flexed, 0 degree of rotation
Hip Observation
General observation
Standing posture
Pelvic position
Front view
Side view
Back view
Gait pattern
1st MTP Abd Add rom
Ankle Dflex MMT vg