observations Flashcards
1
Q
what’s a non-participant observation
A
researcher is separate from group being studied. play no part going on in it.
2
Q
what’s a participant observation
A
researcher acts like member of group understudy + does whatever they do
3
Q
what’s an overt observation
A
group is aware of researcher and knows watching group
4
Q
what’s a covert observation
A
researcher joins group without telling members they are researching them
5
Q
overt advantages
A
- ethical
- ask more questions
- notes taken openly + freely
6
Q
overt disadvantages
A
- refusal
- Hawthorne effect
7
Q
covert advantages
A
- reduces Hawthorne effect
- easier get access to certain groups
8
Q
covert disadvantages
A
- cant blow cover
- cant take notes freely
- unethical
- cant ask certain questions
9
Q
what is methodical pluralism/triangulation?
A
when researcher uses more than one method. combine qual with quant
reliable, rep, valid
10
Q
example observations
A
- Hargreaves
- Humphreys
- Barker
11
Q
Hargreaves
A
- overt non-participant
- secondary school boys
- non- p= sat in back of class during lessons-> percieved specific way ‘they put on a show for you’
- students whispering, doing work quietly
12
Q
Humpreys
A
- covert participant
- public toilets (‘tearooms)
- toilets were a setting for homosexual encounters
- gained entry to ‘deviant subculture’ by acting as gay voyeur, watching through windows
- delved deep into homosexual subcultures
13
Q
Barker
A
- studied Moonies over 7 years as overt participant
- took 2 years to gain permission
- once gained entry= fully engaged in their lives
- combined with unstructured interviews
- kept diary to keep check on changing opinions as become deeply involved with group, avoid ‘going native’
