Observational Design Flashcards
What does ‘observational sampling’ refer to?
Selecting which behaviours to observe and record.
What is event sampling?
This involves continuously watching a certain behaviour (or ‘event’) and counting the number of times that event occurs.
What does event sampling ensure?
That no behaviours are missed and generates a great deal of data for analysis.
What is an example of event sampling?
Event sampling of dissent in football players may involve counting the number of times the players disagree with the referee in a match.
What is time sampling?
This involves watching and recording behaviour at specific time intervals.
What is an example of time sampling?
For example, observing behaviour of students in a university library but in 30-minute intervals.
What is one strength of event sampling?
- You do not overlook certain behaviours.
What is one disadvantage of event sampling?
- More likely to suffer observer bias (focus on certain behaviours).
What is one advantage of time sampling?
- Reduces observer bias.
What is one disadvantage of time sampling?
- Can overlook important behaviour.
How does an observer record behaviour?
Using a set of behavioural categories.
What are behavioural categories?
This is when you divide a target behaviour into a subset of specific, observable behaviours.
What are examples of behavioural categories?
Affection may be broke down into ‘hugging’, ‘kissing’, ‘holding hands’ etc.
Should behavioural categories be operationalised?
Yes.
What can be used to ensure that all behaviours are covered and clearly defined in behavioural categories?
A pilot study.
