Obs and gynae Flashcards
When does placenta accreta usually present?
Delivery
Endometriosis treatment
COC
POP
IUS
Most common Bartholin’s cyst infector
Ecoli
Placenta previa staging
2 - margin
4 - complete
GBS treatment
Benzylpenicillin
Chickenpox prophylaxis _________ after exposure
1-2 weeks
What day is progesterone measured?
-7
(21 usually)
What increases risk of endometritis?
Long labour
Rupture
Poo
Prevention of cord compression
Hands and knees
PID organisms
Chlamydia
Gonnorhoea
Amniotic fluid embolism
Hypoxia
🤮 treatment
Prochlorperazine
Cyclizine
Promethazine
🤮 sign
ketonuria
Combined test
Down syndrome test
weeks 10-13
Quadruple test
Down syndrome test
weeks 15-22
Quadruple test includes…
oestrogen and inhibin.
Signs of ruptured ovarian cyst
Low bp
High hr
Clammy
Peritonism
Tear staging
- skin
- muscles
- anus
- rectum
Test to diagnose gestational diabetes
Glucose tolerance test
(24-28 weeks)
(soon if high risk)
FSH is measured ____ weeks apart.
4-6
When does placenta previa warrant admission?
Major
Symptomatic
From 34 weeks
Twin to twin transfusion treatment
Lasers
Hemolytic disease of the newborn presentation
jaundice
yellow amniotic fluid
hepatosplenomegaly
hydrops fetalis
Preeclampsia tests
U&E
FBC
transaminases
bilirubin
Switch from lithium…
gradually.
Can atrophic vaginitis have discharge?
Yes
Ovarian hyper stimulation symptoms
breathlessness
ascites
vomiting
Asherman’s syndrome
Scarring
Which cancer does PCOS increases risk of by 2-3x?
Endometrial
Ovarian
5 mg folic acid for BMI >
30
In a normal pregnancy, hBCG doubles in…
48 hours.
hCG in ectopic
Barely rises
Clammy and bleeding with tense uterus
Haemorrhages
Umbilical cord prolapse
Gush of fluid during labour
Itch
Ursodeoxycholic acid
Haemorrhage
Admit
COC is contraindicated by smoking within the last…
year.
First analgesia for labour
Diamorphine
Woody
Abruption
Ectopic pregnancy treatment
Methotrexate
(If βHCG < 5000 IU/l)
Ferrous sulphate side effect
Dark stool
COC can be started _________ after birth.
6 weeks
Polymorphic eruption of pregnancy
Itchy
Red
Papular
Abdomen
Smoking decreases risk of which cancer?
Endometrial
High dose folic acid
diabetes
thalassaemia trait
obese
coeliac
Glycosuria in pregnancy
Normal
Placenta ac/in/peccreta
A - attached
I - inside
P - past
Vulval cancer presentation
itchy ulcer
90% of vulval cancer is…
SCC
Oestrogen in Down’s syndrome
Low
CTG for __ mins
20
Inducing labour
sweep
PGE
rupture
Uterine hyper-stimulation is more than _ contractions in 10 minutes.
5
Contraindications to ECV
Oligohydramnios
Recent haemorrhage
COC _________ risk of cervical cancer.
increases
Start insulin at a fasting glucose of…
7.
First line for heavy bleeding (after tranexamic acid)
IUS
Primary dysmenorrhoea cause
None
Psammoma bodies
serous cystadenocarcinoma
papillary thyroid cancer
meningioma
mesothelioma
How do you differentiate an ectopic from a normal pregnancy?
US in EPU
bHCG
PID symptoms
fever
tachycardia
hypotension
Goserelin
GnRH analogue that prevents ovulation
Goserelin use
Stops bleeding in anaemia
Drug that causes ovarian hyperstimulation
Clomifine
Which weeks are antiD injection given?
28
34
HRT for women with regular periods
monthly
HRT for women with irregular periods
3 monthly
Smoking increases ectopic risk
Benpen allergy
Vanc
Uterine rupture treatment
Laparotomy
Twins are a risk factor for…
VTE.
What ruptures ovarian cysts?
Exercise
If preterm, transfer to
neonatal unit
Severe premenstrual syndrome treatment
SSRI
Treatment for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy
Oral antibiotics
Induce labour week…
41-42
Cervical screening HIV
Annual
CIN 1 treatment
repeat cytology in 6 months
Restitution
Rotation
When is salpingostomy performed?
Previous salpingectomy
Chorioamnionitis management
admission and delivery
blood cultures
broad IV antibiotics
Gestational hypertension starts at __ weeks.
20
Lichen sclerosis treatment
Clobetasol propionate
When is reduced variability worrying?
< 5bpm for over 40 minutes
Early GBS
within 48 hours
Late GBS
After 1 week
sinusoidal trace
bad
Germ cell tumours are more common…
age < 40.
Booking appointments are within __ weeks.
10d
In PCOS, LH is _____ and FSH is _____.
high
normal
clear discharge, bleeding
Vasa previa
IUS is first line for fibroids <_ cm.
3
Weight loss first if BMI > __
25
Effects of varicella zoster on the foetus
hypoplastic limbs
neurological impairment
After 3 pulls
C section
Breech increases the risk of…
umbilical cord prolapse
How is proteinuria in preeclampsia identified?
Urine protein:creatinine ratio (PCR)
Management for inevitable miscarriage
Expectant
Ectropion treatment
Cautery
Can chlamydia be cultured?
No
What reduces risk of preeclampsia?
Aspirin
Frank breech
Bum first
Category 1 C section
Emergency
Recipient twin risk
Hypervolaemia
Amyloidosis
Big kidneys
Big heart
Which HRT does not increase risk of VTE?
Transdermal
Serum bcg use
Monitoring pregnancy
Mifepristone
Kill
What is given for anaerobic cover in PID?
metronidazolee
Which condition increases risk of miscarriage complications?
Diabetes
Actim PROM
IGFBP-1
Fibroids in late pregnancy
Rapid growth and ischaemia
PCOS patients should induce a withdrawal bleed every…
3 months.
When is tocolysis used?
Premature membrane rupture but mum and baby are stable
Oesophageal atresia causes _________hydramnios.
poly
Viral infections cause _________hydramnios.
poly
Kleihauer test
Rhesus D
Calculating due date
+ 7 days
- 3 months
Triptan contraindications
Peripheral vascular disease
Angina
Tamoxifen risk
VTE
Amniotic fluid is important for ____ development.
lung
Dysuria in apendicitis
Dysuria in ovarian cancer
Fitz–Hugh–Curtis syndrome
Liver adhesion caused by PID
Urge
OAB + leak
Weight in ovarian hyper-stimulation
Increases due to fluid retention
Lamotrigine in pregnancy
Increase dose
5 mg folic acid
No vaginal delivery allowed after _________ C section.
vertical
Syntometrine
Oxytocin
Anomaly scan time
18-20 + 6 weeks
Androgen-insensitivity syndrome
XY but appears female
Chadwick’s sign
Blue cervix
(pregnancy)
Chandelier sign
Pain on compressing the uterus
(PID)
Is BMI a criteria for PCOS?
No
Diabetes increases risk of ___________ cancer.
endometrial
Cord prolapse category
1
Accentuating McRobert’s Manoeuvre
Apply suprapubic pressure
Which rule calculates the due date at booking?
Naegele’s Rule
Most common anomaly caused by valproate
Neural tube defects
Mittelschmerz
Mid-ovulatory cycle pain caused by follicle rupture
Molar pregnancy symptoms
Sickness
Loose stools
Hot flush
Screening requirements
Known history
Recognised early stage
Which other antibiotic can be used in PID?
ofloxacin
Insufficient hcg
Ectopic
First line for prolonged labour
Foreceps
Abnormal cervix with symptoms
Urgent referral
Risk factor for breech
Polyhydramnios
Contraindications to ergometrine
Hypertension
CVD
VD
Most common fibroid
Intramural
Normal variability
15 bpm
Hyperemesis gravidarum treatment
Saline
KCl
Cyclizine
No dextrose
Px+y
x - after 24 weeks
y - under 24 weeks
Tocolytic that improves ECV
Terbutaline
Drug given before all C sections
Omeprazole
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy treatment
Immediate delivery
Does radical tracheotomy impair fertility?
No
Lichen sclerosis treatment
Topical steroids
Early scans weeks
11
14
First line for menorrhagia
IUS
Rhesus antibody
IgG
colporrhaphy
strengthening the vaginal wall
Women with gestational diabetes should give birth no later than _____ weeks of gestation.
40+6
Both sphincters torn
3c
Can labour be induced in breech?
Ya 😐
What is taken up by abnormal cervical cells?
Acetic acid
Preeclampsia prevention
Low-dose aspirin
Avoid COCP in BMI >
35
Fibroid 💩
Constipation
ECV in placenta previa
Fine
How does hereditary haemochromatosis cause amenorrhoea?
Low LH
Low FSH
Best contraceptive in epilepsy
Injection
Mirena in infection
Leave in
Contraindication to COCP (colour)
Jaundice
Give _____ acyclovir in pregnancy.
more
Treating candida in pregnancy
Intravaginal
Recurrent thrush
Fluconzole x 3
HPV treatment in pregnancy
Cryotherapy
