Neurology Flashcards
1
Q
MS can cause _____________ palsy.
A
pseudobulbar palsy
2
Q
What should always be measured in status epilipticus?
A
Blood glucose
3
Q
CSF protein in MS
A
Slightly raised
4
Q
Diabetes can cause sensory…
A
ataxia.
5
Q
What monitors breathing in GBS?
A
FVC
6
Q
Thrombolyse in up to __ hours
A
4.5
7
Q
Left internuclear ophthalmoplegia
A
Right nystagmus
8
Q
TACI involves all of:
A
sensory/motor
homonymous hemianopia
cerebellar
9
Q
Which back pain is relieved by bending forward?
A
Spinal claudication
10
Q
Left anterior inferior cerebellar artery infarct
A
CN VII
CN VIII
11
Q
Left posterior inferior cerebellar artery infarct
A
CN III
CN V
12
Q
Rhomberg
A
Dorsal column
13
Q
MND treatment
A
Riluzole
13
Q
Parkinson’s with strange movements
A
Cortico-basal degeneration (CBD)
13
Q
Isoniazide
A
b6
14
Q
Wilson’s treatment
A
Penicillimine
15
Q
Meningitis CSF
A
polymorphonuclear leukocytes
16
Q
Is Parkinson’s symmetrical?
A
No
17
Q
Describe multiple system atrophy
A
hypotension
autonomic dysfunction
symmetrical
18
Q
encephalitis
A
behaviour
19
Q
Campylobacter shape
A
spiral
20
Q
diabetes reflexes
A
reduced
21
Q
mononeuritis multiplex
A
pupil-sparing third nerve palsy
22
Q
Should stroke CT’s use contrast?
A
No
23
hereditary spastic paraparesis symptoms
gait
spasticity
hyperreflexia
24
Initial management for cord compression
Dexamethasone
25
Long term stroke management
clopidogrel and statin
26
Mouth reflexes in progressive bulbar palsy
Weak
26
Charcot Marie Tooth disease causes ________ weakness.
distal
27
Glucose and CSF in viral infection
Both high
28
What is the difference between common peroneal nerve palsy and L5 radiculopathy?
No eversion in L5 radiculopathy
29
Statin dose
80 mg
29
Friedreich’s ataxia symptoms
Cerebellar
Proprioception
Cardiac hypertrophy
30
Hemiballismus
Flinging
30
Hemiballismus is caused by lesions in the…
subthalamic nucleus.
31
Subdural haemorrhage feels
fine
32
Lupus can cause
Abdominal swelling
Night sweats
VTEs
33
L2 function
Hip flexion
34
L3 function
Knee extension
35
Optic neuritis disc
Pale
36
Cervical Myelopathy
LMN signs in upper limbs
UMN signs in lower limbs
36
Drugs that worsen myasthenia gravis
B blockers
Lithium
37
Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis symptoms
fever
headache
photophobia
rash CN VI palsy
38
Cancer likely to metastasise to the brain
Small cell lung cancer
39
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
Limb shaking with awareness
40
Sympathomimetic drugs increase risk of…
hemorrhagic stroke.
40
DOAC use
A fib
41
GBS treatment
Plasmapheresis and Immunoglobulin
41
Spinal claudication is improved by:
- stooping
- going uphill
41
ring enhancing lesion
cerebral abscess
41
Why is labetalol given in hemorrhagic strokes?
Bp control if high
41
Dabigantran reverser
idarucizumab
41
Disc herniation pain
bum and outer leg
41
bupropion is contraindicated in
epilepsy
42
Investigation for trigeminal neuralgia
MRI
43
Cranial nerve lesions are ipsilateral, except _________.
trochlear
43
Do myotonic seizures always involve a loss of consciousness?
No
44
Extradural haemorrhage treatment
Clot removal and ligation
44
Subdural haemorrhage treatment
Craniotomy (acute)
Burr hole (chronic)
45
Ice pack test
🪦
46
Sumatriptan when the headache
starts
47
If alteplase has been given, give aspirin in __ hours.
24
48
Meningitis cef
Cefotaxime
48
Mannitol uses
brain injuries
raised icp
liver failure
49
Meralgia paraesthetica
Trapped nerve affects the anterolateral thigh
49
Jacksonian march
Spreading twitch
50
ORBIT
Haemorrhage
51
Intracerebral haemorrhage on CT
Hyperattenuating ventriclesd
51
Raised icp and blocked sinus
Intracranial venous thrombosis
51
What should be done immediately for prostate cancer metastasis?
Dexamethasone
52
Internal Carotid Dissection
Sweating
Neck pain
Horner’s
53
Sumatriptan increases risk of…
ischaemic stroke.
54
Are steroids normally used in encephalitis?
No
54
Nasally
🪦
55
Tension headache
bilateral tight and tender
56
Drug that causes seizures
Quinolones
56
First line treatment for absence seizures
Ethosuximide
57
Definitive diagnosis of CJD
Biopsy
58
CJD
Prions
59
CJD symptoms
co-ordination
mood disturbance
muscle spasms
dysphagia
60
What can help to increase levodopa activity?
Carbidopa
61
Cortico-basal degeneration
Parkinsons plus affecting one limb
62
If it’s too late to thrombolyse
Aspirin
63
Treatment for visual loss in IIH
Optic nerve fenestration
64
Borrelia burgdorferi
Full face weakness caused by Lyme’s diseased
65
Central scotoma lesion
Optic nerve
66
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
Morning
67
Can absence seizures have lip smackng?
Ya
67
Betahistine
Meniere’s
68
Migraine sleepy
69
Which infarction affects the spinothalamic and corticospinal tracts?
Anterior spinal artery
69
H
70
Throw
Myoclonic
71
India ink positive CSF
Cryptococcal meningitis
72
Antibiotics contraindicated in penicillin allergy
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Monobactams
73
No thrombolysis for INR>
1.7
74
GBS can follow
chest infection.
75
Which antiemetic worsens Parkinson’s?
Metoclopramide
75
Arm weakness
MCA
75
When do you induce hyperventilation?
Raised ICP
75
Medications causing ototoxicity
Furosemide
Gentamicin
75
Pancoast anhydrosis
75
Cerebellar impairment causes ____hidrosis
an
75
Myasthenia gravis antibodies
tyrosine kinase
75
Where does mechanical thrombolysis work best?
Proximal middle cerebral artery
75
HR in subarachnoid haemorrhage
Low
75
Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord (SACD)
B12 deficiency
75
Dry beriberi is a ______________ whereas wet is —____________.
polyneuropathy
heart failure
76
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
Risk factors for Hemorrhagic stroke
77
Optic neuritis test
MRI w contrast
78
Is impulsivity caused by dopamine precursors or agonists?
Agonists
78
Which lifestyle factor increases risk of subdural haemorrhage?
Alcohol
78
_____________ meds are time critical.
Parkinsons
79
Charcot Marie Tooth type 1
Demyelinating
79
Charcot Marie Tooth type 2i
Axons
80
Infarct causing dizziness and vomiting
Posterior
81
Choreoathetosis treatment
Tetrabenzine
82
If stroke CT shows nothing
MRI
83
Cervical spondylosis
Slow gait
LMN in upper limbs
UMN in lower limbs
84
Myoclonic jerks
Valproate
85
Long term stroke management
Clopidogrel
86
Focal seizure treatment
🍊
87
Non dominant parietal
Vision
88
Horners
Sympathetic
89
Most common cause of CN III palsy
Diabetes
90
What is used to measure functional outcomes of stroke?
Barthel index
91
Sudden “cauda equina”
Spinal cord infarction
91
Spinal cord infarction MRI
swelling and hyperintensities
92
Give __% glucose for hypoglycaemia.
20
93
Spinal stenosis is worse on walking…
downstairs.
94
Leriche syndrome
Aortoiliac occlusion
95
ALS gene
SOD1
95
Carotid endartectomy in patients with at least __% stenosis.
70
95
TIAspirin
95
Myasthenia gravis complication
Type 2 respiratory failure
95
If there is difficulty extending, botox should be done on…
flexing muscle.
96
Investigation for dry Horner’s with shoulder pain
CXR
96
IIH can be worse on…
bending forwards.
97
IIH risk factors
moon-faced obese woman trying to treat her acne
98
Aspirin dose for TIA
300 if starting
75 if continuing
99
Neiserria Meningitidis prophylaxis
ciprofloxacin 500mg
100
Autonomic Parkinsons
MSA
100
higher cortical dysfunction
neglect
100
Absence seizure treatment
Ethosuximide
101
Selegeline
Motor fluctuations
102
Which antiepileptic can cause hepatic dysfunction?
Carbamazepine
103
Which antiepileptic can cause renal stones?
Topiramate
104
Corticospinal tract
Ipsilateral
105
First management of headache
Stop headache meds
106
White matter hyperintensities on MRI
Vascular dementia
107
Which smoking cessation drug lowers seizure threshold?
Bupropion
108
What does long term cART increase the risk of?
Stroke
