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Year 3 extras > Haematology > Flashcards

Haematology Flashcards

1
Q

Pneumococcus vaccine every _ years

A

5

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2
Q

Hydroxyurea for >3 ________ crices a year.

A

painful

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3
Q

Can Vit K deficiency present like platelet deficiency?

A

Yes

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4
Q

High INR

A

Vit K low

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5
Q

Describe haemolytic uraemic syndrome (ecoli)

A

Microcytic anaemia
Thrombocytopenia
AKI

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6
Q

ITP in kids follows…

A

viral infection

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7
Q

ITP in adults

A

Platelety bleeding

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8
Q

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) treatment

A

Prednisolone

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9
Q

vWD treatment

A

Desmopressin

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10
Q

Stop and decrease warfarin doses in patients with an INR of…

A

5-8

Vit K if bleeding

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11
Q

Which antibiotic increases warfarin activity?

A

Ciprofloxacin

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12
Q

Which antibiotic decreases warfarin activity?

A

Rifampicin

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13
Q

Transfuse __________ blood to chemo patients.

A

erradicated

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14
Q

PT and APTT In ALL

A

Normal

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15
Q

CML age

A

Middle aged

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16
Q

Big spleen and thrombocytopenia in alcoholic

A

Variceal bleed

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17
Q

Sideroblastic anemia

A

Can’t use iron

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18
Q

G6PD deficiency

A

Macro/normocytic

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19
Q

Which cancer does EBV cause?

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

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20
Q

Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH)

A

Dark pee
Penis 👎
Fatigue

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21
Q

PNH test results

A

PIGA mutation
CD55, CD59

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22
Q

Howell-Jolly

A

Hyposplenism

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23
Q

V Leiden

A

VTE

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24
Q

vWF disease symptoms

A

Bruising
Bleeding (menstrual)

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25
Q

Myelofibrosis

A

Bloating

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26
Q

DVT long term treatment

A

DOAC

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27
Q

Splenectomy film

A

Target cells

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28
Q

Normocytic anemia

A

Anaemia of chronic disease

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29
Q

Aplastic crisis trigger

A

Slap cheek

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30
Q

Platelet counts in PRV

A

Can be high

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31
Q

Acanthocytosis

A

CKD
Alcohol

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32
Q

B thalassemia skull

A

Bossing

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33
Q

HIV increases cancer risk. T/F

A

True

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34
Q

What is given before chemo to prevent tumour lysis?

A

Raspberry case (XO)

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35
Q

Neutropenia treatment

A

G CSF

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36
Q

Ann Arbour staging

A

Number of node groups affected by Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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37
Q

VWF binds factor _.

A

8

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38
Q

LFTs in pregnancy

A

Normally raised

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39
Q

Cancer causing renal impairment

A

Myeloma

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40
Q

Transfuse if Hb <

A

80

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41
Q

In acute coronary syndrome, transfuse if Hb <

A

70

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42
Q

Is Hb SS or SC more common?

A

SC

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43
Q

Viral infections cause neutro______.

A

penia

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44
Q

Painful crisis

A

Vaso-occlusive

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45
Q

Cytoreductive example

A

Hydroxycarbamide

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46
Q

Type 3 Von Willebrand disease is ____ severe than type 1.

A

more

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47
Q

Flow murmurs are secondary to…

A

anaemia.

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48
Q

Give platelets if less than ___.

A

10

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49
Q

Give platelets if less than ___ and actively bleeding.

A

30

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50
Q

Low platelets, first

A

Check for bleeding

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51
Q

TTP signs without purpura

A

Malaria

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52
Q

Malaria treatment

A

Artesunate

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53
Q

White cells in myelofibrosis

A

Can be high or normal initially

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54
Q

Anaemia of chronic disease is ______cytic.

A

normo

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55
Q

Sideroblastic anemia signs

A

Microcytic
Basophils
High iron

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56
Q

Sideroblastic anemia causes

A

Genetics
Alcohol
Lead
Isoniazid

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57
Q

Thalassemia has a particularly low…

A

MCV.

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58
Q

First line test for cancer

A

Serum protein electrophoresis

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59
Q

GI bleeding causes ____________ anaemia.

A

microcytic

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60
Q

Hypothyroidism can cause a ___________ anaemia, because of dysregulation of erythropoietin production.

A

macrocytic

61
Q

What causes an isolated high HbA1c?

A

Previous splenectomy

62
Q

What antiVTE measures should be taken after surgery

A

Compression
LMWH after 12 hours

63
Q

How does inhibition of xanthine oxidase cause bone marrow suppression?

A

accumulation of 6-mercaptopurine

64
Q

Iron deficiency shows ___ total iron binding capacity.

A

high

65
Q

Mediterranean

A

G6PD deficiency

66
Q

Thalassemia diagnostic investigation

A

Hb electrophoresis

67
Q

Which drugs cause neutropenia?

A

Macrolides

68
Q

Which drugs raise neutrophils?

A

Steroids

69
Q

Desmopressin can be given in haemophilia and increases the release of…

A

VWF.

70
Q

First symptom of myelofibrosis

A

Fatigue

71
Q

Iron overload symptoms

A

Joint pain
Hyperpigmentation

72
Q

Which disease is associated with functional hyposplenism

A

Coeliac

73
Q

In sickle patients with any infection, Hb is…

A

very low.

74
Q

Acute chest crisis

A

PE

75
Q

In neutropenic sepsis, ________ may be the only presenting feature.

A

fever

76
Q

First line test for multiple myeloma

A

Serum protein electrophoresis

77
Q

Acute haemolytic reaction timeframe

A

mins-hours

78
Q

D dimers in DIC

A

Up

79
Q

Myelodysplastic syndrome blood film

A

megakaryocytes
acanthocytes
<10% myeloblasts.

80
Q

AML: myeloid blast cells at _______%

A

20-90

81
Q

Why would a sickle cell patient have a cholecystectomy?

A

Chronic hemolysis causes gallstones

82
Q

Which autoimmune disorder can lymphoproliferative disorders or infection cause?

A

Cold autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

83
Q

What causes TTP?

A

ADAMTS-13 deficiency

(can’t cleave vWF)

84
Q

Non hodgekins lymphoma complications

A

Hyperviscosity

85
Q

Good ALL prognosis

A

Hyperdiploid blast cells

86
Q

Non Hodgekin’s lymphoma biopsy

A

irregular nucleus and high mitotic rate

87
Q

Poor Hodgekin prognosis

A

High ESR

88
Q

Poor NonHodgekin prognosis

A

High LDH

89
Q

What should be done for a transfusion induced fever?

A

Slow
Paracetamol

90
Q

Smudge cells

A

CLL

91
Q

Follicular lymphoma

A

Non Hodgekin

92
Q

MI causes ____ neutrophils.

A

high

93
Q

US doppler DVT within _ hours.

A

4

94
Q

Refer kids cancer to

A

Paeds

95
Q

Can LMWH cause low platelets?

A

Yes

96
Q

Hyper-viscosity

A

Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia

97
Q

Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia treatment

A

Plasmapheresis

98
Q

Pernicious anaemia treatment

A

Hydroxocobalamin 1mg

99
Q

Iron supplements take _ months to work.

A

3

100
Q

Iron in anaemia of chronic disease

A

low serum iron
normal/high serum ferritin

101
Q

Replace B12 ________ folate

A

before

102
Q

Follicular lymphoma is ____ grade.

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma is ____ grade.

A

low

high

103
Q

Platelets in PRV

A

High

104
Q

Hemolytic crisis symptoms

A

Splenomegaly

105
Q

Iron overload effects

A

Lung and heart failure

106
Q

Parvovirus symptoms

A

headache
sore throat
joint pain

107
Q

MALT treatment

A

omeprazole
amoxicillin
clarithromycin

108
Q

Cryoprecipitate shelf life

A

1 year

109
Q

Left shift

A

Immature nuclei with no lobes

110
Q

Right shift

A

Hypermature nuclei with >5 lobes

111
Q

Lead poisoning

A

sideroblastic anaemia

112
Q

CML contains an ‘M’ for

A

massive splenomegaly

113
Q

Drug causing neutropenia

A

Carbimazole

114
Q

Drugs that trigger G6PD deficiency

A

nitrofurantoin
ciprofloxacin
sulphonylureas

115
Q

Hereditary spherocytosis treatment

A

folate supplementation and splenectomy

116
Q

Atrial septal defect will cause

A

systolic murmur
DVT
stroke

117
Q

What is Fifth disease during pregnancy?

A

Parvovirus causes rash and joint pain

118
Q

Effect of steroids on Hb

A

Raise

119
Q

uncooked meat

A

tapeworm

120
Q

Hydroxycarbamide

A

HbF

121
Q

Myelofibrosis first symptom

A

fatigue

122
Q

Treatment for major trauma/bleed

A

Vit K
Dried prothrombin complex

123
Q

What can amyloidosis affecting the heart present like?

A

Heart failure

124
Q

Pulmonary oedema from transfusion

A

TRALI

125
Q

DVT treatment

A

Direct oral anticoagulant for at least 3 months

126
Q

Ann Arbour stage 3

A

Both sides of the diaphragm

127
Q

What does basophilic stippling suggest

A

Disturbed red cell production

128
Q

Which factor activates the intrinsic pathway?

A

XII

129
Q

Which factor activates the extrinsic pathway?

A

Tissue

130
Q

15;17

A

AML

131
Q

Sickle cell increases risk of ________ infection.

A

chest

132
Q

Neutrophils afters surgery

A

Raised

133
Q

Type 2 VWD

A

Severe

134
Q

Breakthrough pain medication dose

A

a sixth of the total daily dose

135
Q

Stop heparin if platelets < __%.

A

70

136
Q

Platelets can be high in myelofibrosis

A
136
Q

AA amyloidosis

A

Caused by chronic inflammation

137
Q

Delayed haemolytic transfusion reaction appearance

A

Jaundice

138
Q

Bruising in thalassemia patients

A

Haemosiderosis (iron deposits)

139
Q

Bleeding causes _____cytic anaemia.

A

micro

140
Q

Check INR ____ hours after giving Vit K

A

6-12

141
Q

High ICP
Low GCS

A

ICU

142
Q

MGUS symptoms

A

No

143
Q

Protein C deficiency

A

Clotting activated by warfarin

144
Q

Anaemia over age __ urgent

A

50

144
Q

Which antibiotic raises INR?

A

Metronidazole

145
Q

Are clotting factors given in minor haemorrhages?

A

No

146
Q

Clotting factors in HUS

A

Normal

147
Q

HUS antibiotics

A

No

Year 3 extras (10 decks)

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