Obs and Gynae

Question 1

Barlow and Ortolani’s test screens for what?

Answer 1

Developmental dysplasia of the hip.

Question 2

A newborn, born through breech, has a positive Barlow and Ortolani test on screening. What is the most useful next imaging modality given the likely diagnosis?

Answer 2

Ultrasound

This is a un-invasive technique with no radiation associated. The lack of ossification at this age makes ultrasound the most useful imaging to assess hip joint integrity.

Question 3

How is DDH managed?

Answer 3

In mild cases, DDH will be self-limiting within the first few months of life. More severe cases may necessitate a Pavlik harness or even surgery.

Question 4

Breech position is a risk factor for what?

Answer 4

Developmental dyplasia of the hip.

Question 5

How and when to screen for gestations diabetes?

Answer 5

Oral glucose tolerance test
Screening @ 24-28weeks!
>7.8mmol 2hrs later = GD

Question 6

Combined screening for downs =

Answer 6

NT^ + beta-HCG^ + A PAPP-A (decreased)

Question 7

Most important investigation for ectopic?

Answer 7

Transvaginal ultrasound

Question 8

Magenesium sulphate has caused a respiratory depression and reduced reflexes in a woman with pre eclampsia.

Give what?

Answer 8

Calcium gluconate