MSK

Question 1

A dynamic hip screw is the common treatment for what type of hip fracture?

Answer 1

Extracapsular hip fractures and is designed to push the extracapsular fracture fragments together during weight bearing.

Question 2

What is a Monteggia fracture?

Answer 2

Monteggia fractures occur when falling on an outstretched hand.

However, these are common fractures in children and rarely occur in adults.

There is fracture of the ulnar shaft with concomitant dislocation of the radial head.

Question 3

Colles’ fracture

Answer 3

Colles’ fracture is a low energy, extra-articular fracture where there is dorsal displacement of the fractured end of the distal radius. This happens when trying to break a forward fall with your hand. Most Colles’ fractures will be dorsally angulated and impacted.

Question 4

Chauffeur fracture

Answer 4

This is an intra-articular fracture of the radial styloid process. This is caused by compression of the scaphoid bone against the styloid process, which shears it off the distal radius. It can be caused by falling on an outstretched hand, but is much less common than Colles’ fracture

Question 5

Bankart fractures are associated with what?

Answer 5

Anterior shoulder dislocation

Question 6

Smith’s fracture

Answer 6

These are fractures of the distal radius caused by either a direct blow to the distal forearm or falling onto a flexed hand, rather than outstretched.

Question 7

Pain arc of abduction =

Answer 7

Subacromial impingement

Question 8

What is the main neurovascular structure that is compromised in a scaphoid fracture?

Answer 8

Dorsal carpal branch of the radial artery

Question 9

SUFE management?

Answer 9

Internal fixation across the growth plate.

Question 10

How are movements of the shoulder affected in adhesive capsulitis?

Answer 10

Patients have global restriction of shoulder movements, in at least two axes, though external rotation is classically described as the most affected and painful.

Question 11

Bone pain + an isolated ALP rise =

Answer 11

Pagets

Question 12

Radial nerve palsy can present how?

Answer 12

Wrist drop

Sensory loss to small area between the dorsal aspect of the 1st and 2nd metacarpals

Question 13

Imaging modality for osteomyelitis

Answer 13

MRI

Question 14

malignant tumour that occurs most frequently in the metaphyseal region of long bones prior to epiphyseal closure.

• Sunburst appearance on X-ray

Answer 14

Osteosarcoma

Question 15

Perthe’s management:

Answer 15

Most cases will resolve with conservative management. Early diagnosis improves outcomes. Under 6 just observe.
- surgery for severe

Question 16

What movement is impaired in adhesive capsulitis?

Answer 16

External rotation (on both active and passive movement) is classically impaired in adhesive capsulitis.