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Micro II > Obligate Anaerobic Gram Negative Bacilli > Flashcards

Obligate Anaerobic Gram Negative Bacilli Flashcards

1
Q

What are the basic characteristics of Bacteroides spp.?

A
  • Obligate anaerobe

- Non-spore forming

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2
Q

What 3 species does the B.fragilis group consist of?

A
  • B.fragilis
  • B.thetaiotaomicron
  • B.ovatus
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3
Q

What is the habitat of Bacteroides fragilis group?

A

NF of the mucosal orla cavity, URT and GIT

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4
Q

What is the spectrum of disease of Baceroides fragilis group?

A
  • Endogenous; usually involves breach of mucosa
  • Usually in infections below the diaphragm
  • Abscesses (enclosed); cranium, periodontium. thorax, peritoneum, liver, female GT
  • Can cause bacteremia, aspiration pneumonia, septic arthritis, chronic sinusitis, decubitus ulcers
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5
Q

What are the virulence factors of Bacteroides fragilis group?

A
  • Capsules
  • Endotoxin and succinic acid (inhibits phagocytosis)
  • Enzymes mediating tissue damage
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6
Q

General characteristics of Bacteroides fragilis group?

A
  • Saccharolytic
  • Bile-resistant
  • Non-pigmented
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7
Q

What does the Gram stain look like for Bacteroides fragilis group?

A

GNB or CB, pale staining pleomorphic (may look like safety pins)

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8
Q

What is B.fragilis group usually resistant to?

A

Kanamycin, colostin, vancomycin (KCV)

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9
Q

What is the habitat of B.ureolyticus?

A

NF of mucosa of GIT, URT and GUT

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10
Q

What is the spectrum of disease and virulence factors of B.ureolyticus?

A

Same as B.fragilis

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11
Q

What is an identifying colony morphology feature of B.ureolyticus?

A

May “pit” the agar or spread, may turn green when exposed to air

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12
Q

What does the Gram stain look like for B.ureolyticus?

A

Gram negative, tiny, pale staining, thin delicate rods w/rounded ends

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13
Q

Antimicrobial resistance to KV or C?

A

Susceptible to kanamycin and colistin.

Resistant to vancomycin

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14
Q

What distinguishes B.ureolyticus from B.fragilis?

A

B.fragilis:

  • Does not reduce nitrate
  • Indole + catalase variable

B.ureolyticus

  • Reduces nitrate
  • Urease pos
  • Indole neg
  • Catalse neg
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15
Q

What is the habitat of Prevotella spp.?

A

NF of URT (especially oral cavity), GIT and GUT

  • Dental biofilms
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16
Q

Where do pigmented forms of Prevotella spp usually cause infection?

A

Head, neck, pleuropulmonary

17
Q

What do Prevotells spp. look like on an anaerobic BA and LKV agar?

A

BA: Small, white, translucent/opaque, shiny.
Black pigmented - fluoresce brick red

LKV: Brown to black pigment

18
Q

What does the Gram stain look like for Prevotella spp.?

A

GNB, in pairs or short chains

19
Q

Prevotella spp. resistance to KV and C?

A

Resistant to vano and kana, colistin variable

20
Q

Biochemical reactions for catalase and indole? (Prevotella spp.)

A
  • Most catalase neg

- Most indole neg (P.intermedia is pos)

21
Q

Habitat of Porphyromonas spp.?

A

NF of URT, GIT and GUT

22
Q

Which pathogen is key in adult periodontitis?

A

Porphyromonas gingivalis

23
Q

Porphyromonas spp Gram reaction?

A

GNCB

Asaccharolytic and pigmented

24
Q

Porphyromonas spp. resistance to KV and C?

A

Sensitive to vanco, resistant to kana and colistin

25
Q

Indole and catalase reaction for Porphyromonas spp.?

A
  • Indole pos

- Catalase neg

26
Q

What is the habitat of Fusobacterium spp.?

A

NF of URT (esp. oral cavity), GIT and GUT

Dental biofilms

27
Q

What is the most common pathogen in Fusobacterium spp. and what does it cause?

A

F. nucleatum subsp. nucleatum

Associated w/ acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (Vincent’s infection, trench mouth), chronic sinusitis

28
Q

What are the 3 colony forms of F. nucleatum on anaerobic BA?

A
  • Breadcrumb like (white)
  • Speckled and smooth (gray-gray/white)
  • Greening of agar w/exposure to air (fluoresces chartreuse, usually non-hemolytic)
29
Q

What does F. necrophorum subsp. necrophorum look like on anaerobic BA?

A
  • Circular umbonate, ridged, translucent-opaque, some B-hemolytic
  • Fluoresces chartreuse
  • Greening of agar in air

Micro II (6 decks)

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