OBJ - Tissue Regeneration & Repair

Question 1

Understand what are the steps in the process of wound healing.

Answer 1

Regeneration/repair returns to normal state

Scar formation laying down of fibrous CT/granulation tissue

Question 2

Discuss the important growth and angiogenic factors regulating wound healing, and how they function.

Answer 2

Regulation of wound healing :

1) Growth Factors
Proteins that drive proliferation of fibroblasts, vascular endothelial cells & remanants of inured tissues - know table 2-9

2) Angiogenic Factors
VEGF (A-E), FGFs, Angioproteins An1 & An2

3) Scarring Growth factors
migration & proliferation of fibroblasts to site of injury
deposition of ECM proteins produced by these cells

Question 3

Describe major problems that develop when the wound healing process has a poor outcome.

Answer 3

Keloid - misregulation of collagen

Ulcers

Question 4

Proliferation`

Answer 4

tissue maintenance, mediated by growth factors

Question 5

Tissue regeneration

Answer 5

Labile GI/Skin
Stable Liver/parenchyma
Permanent Neurons, Cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle

Question 6

Reproductive cloning

Answer 6

Cloning to create a genetically identical organism

Can be bacteria

Question 7

Therapeutic cloning

Answer 7

Somatic Cell Nuclear TransferCloning designed as therapy for a disease

Combines nucleus of a cell, typically a skin cell & inserts into is inserted into a fertilized egg whose nucleus has been removed

The somatic-nucleated egg begins to divide repeatedly to form a blastocyst

Extract stem cells from the blastocyst and use them to grow cells that are a perfect genetic match for the patient & can then be transplanted into the patient to treat a disease from which the patient suffers.

Gives rise to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells)

Question 8

Angiogenesis Steps

Answer 8

– Vasodilation (NO, VEGF)
– Migration of endothelial cells
– Proliferation of endothelial cells
– Inhibition of proliferation– Maturation and
remodeling
– Recruitment of periendothelial cells