OBJ 1.2 X Flashcards
Mesh
each device has (in theory) a point-to-point connection with every other device (fully connected);
Star/hub and spoke
STAR Most popular physical LAN topology
▪ Devices connect to a single point
▪ Commonly used with Ethernet cabling, but wireless or fiber is also used
▪ If the central device fails, the entire network fails
HUB AND SPOKE
▪ Used for connecting multiple sites
▪ Similar to Star but with WAN links instead of LAN connections
▪ Not redundant, if central office (hub) fails, the whole network can fail
Bus
Uses a cable running through area that required network connectivity
▪ Each device “taps” into the cable using either a T connector or vampire
tap
▪ Old technology, not commonly used anymore
▪ Devices on cable form single collision domain
Ring
▪ Uses a cable running in a circular loop
▪ Each device connects to the ring, but data travels in a singular direction
▪ FDDI (Fiber networks) used two counter-rotating rings for redundancy
▪ On token ring networks, devices wait for a turn to communicate on ring
by passing a token
Hybrid
Partial-Mesh Topology
▪ Hybrid of the full-mesh and the hub-and-spoke topologies
▪ Provides optimal routes between some sites, while avoiding the expense
of connecting every site
▪ Must consider network traffic patterns to design it effectively
Peer-to-peer
Peers (PCs) share resources (files/printers) with each other directly
Administration and backup are more difficult since resources are located on a many PCs which adds to the administrative burden
Benefits of Peer-to-Peer
▪ Lower cost
▪ No dedicated resources required
▪ No specialized operating system required
Drawbacks of Peer-to-Peer
▪ Decentralized management
▪ Inefficient for large networks
▪ Poor scalability
Client-server
▪ Uses dedicated server to provide access to files, scanners, printers, and other resources
Administration and backup are easier since
resources are located on a few key servers
Benefits of Client/Server
▪ Centralized administration
▪ Easier management
▪ Better scalability
Drawbacks of Client/Server
▪ Higher cost
▪ Requires dedicated resources
▪ Requires network operating system
LAN
▪ Connects components in a limited distance
▪ Each segment is limited to short distances, such as 100 meters with CAT 5 cabling
▪ Consists of Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) or WiFi networks (IEEE 802.11)
● Internal wired or wireless networks
MAN
Connects scattered locations across a city
▪ Larger than a CAN, but smaller than a WAN
▪ Covers up to a 25-mile radius in larger cities
▪ Examples:
● City departments like the police department
● Community college with campuses spread across a county
WAN
▪ Connects geographically disparate internal networks
▪ Consists of leased lines or Virtual Private Networks tunneled over the
Internet
▪ Covers distances around the country or around the world
Examples:
● The Internet (largest WAN)
● Connecting two private corporate networks from New York to
Seattle
WLAN
▪ Smallest type of wired or
wireless network
▪ Covers the least amount
of area (few meters)
▪ Examples:
● Bluetooth cellphone to car
● USB hard drive to laptop
● Firewire video camera to
computer
PAN
▪ Smallest type of wired or
wireless network
▪ Covers the least amount
of area (few meters)
▪ Examples:
● Bluetooth cellphone to car
● USB hard drive to laptop
● Firewire video camera to
computer
CAN
Connects building-centric LANs across a university, industrial park, or
business park
▪ Covers many square miles and buildings
▪ Examples:
● College campus
● Business Parks
● Military bases
SAN
● Specialized LAN designed for data transfer/storage
● Transfers data at block level with special protocol
SDWAN
Software-Defined Wide Area Network (SDWAN)
▪ A virtual WAN architecture that allows enterprises to leverage any
combination of transport services to securely connect users to their
applications
▪ Uses a centralized control function to securely and intelligently redirect the traffic across the WAN
▪ Enable cloud-first enterprises to deliver quality experiences to their users
▪ Allows your WAN environment to be more dynamic and efficient
▪ Reduces bottlenecks caused by your traditional, centralized WAN
architecture
