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OBGYN Flashcards

1
Q

LH

A

Theca cells

chol-> androstenedione

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2
Q

FSH

A

Granulosa cells

aromatase
testosterone-> estrogen

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3
Q

Tanner staging: buds, course/curly hair, areola mound

A

stage 2: buds
stage 3: curly hair
stage 4: areola mound

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4
Q

estrogens: reproductive, preg, menopause

A

reproductive yrs: estradiol

preg: estriol
menopause: estrone

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5
Q

DUB: Tx

A

bleeding: estrogens, OCP

OCP, Medroxyprogesterone, Lupron

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6
Q

Dysmenorrhea: causes, Tx

A

primary: incr prostaglandins
secondary: pelvic pathology

Tx: NSAIDs

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7
Q

PMDD Tx

A

gold std: SSRI

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8
Q

amenorrhea: definitions

A

primary: no menarche by 13y/o NO secondary sex characteristics, 15y/o with characteristics

secondary: no menses for 3mo- previously normal, 9mo- oligo
- hyp: abnorm GnRH (anorexia, stress), N FSH/LH
- pit: decr FSH/LH, incr prolactin (pituitary adenoma)
- ovary: incr FSH/LH, decr E

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9
Q

progesterone challenge test

A
  • withdrawal bleed: ovary (PCOS)

- no bleed: uterus (Asherman’s), hyp

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10
Q

adenomyosis

A

endometrial tissue in myometrium

TENDER, symmetric, enlarged BOGGY uterus

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11
Q

leiomyoma: population, presentation

A

uterine fibroids, fibromyoma

Population: AA, >35y/o

Sx: irregular, asymmetric, NONTENDER
BLEEDING

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12
Q

Tx leiomyoma

A

observe

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13
Q

endometritis MCC

A

infxn endometrium during preg

MCC: GABHS, S. aureus
C-section, post-abortion

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14
Q

Dx endometritis

A

fever, abdom pain, uterine tenderness

**C-section, post-abortion

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15
Q

endometriosis: MC location, Tx

A

location: ovaries

Tx: Progesterone

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16
Q

MCC infertility

A

endometriosis

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17
Q

endometrial hyperplasia: screening test, definitive test

A

screening: TVUS
definitive: Bx

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18
Q

MC GYN CA

A

endometrial CA

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19
Q

RF endometrial CA

A

Tamoxifen, E, nulliparity, anovulation

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20
Q

when to do endometrial Bx

A

TVUS: stripe >4mm —- Bx

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21
Q

most sensitive test for menopause

A

FSH

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22
Q

prevention of osteoporosis in menopause

A

bisphosphonates, SERM (tamoxifen, raloxifene)

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23
Q

stress incontinence: Tx

A

sneeze, cough, laugh

Tx surg

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24
Q

urge incontinence: Tx

A

overactive detrusor, elderly

Tx meds
1st line: anticholinergics
nonselective: oxybutynin, Detrol (NOT elderly)
selective: Vesicare

bladder training

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25
Q

overflow incontinence: PVR, Tx

A

post void residual >200mL

if bladder atony: catheter 1st line

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26
Q

MC GYN CA mortality

A

ovarian CA

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27
Q

RF ovarian CA

A

FH, infertility, nulliparity, >50y/o, BRCA

OCP protective

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28
Q

CA125

A

ovarian CA - monitor Tx

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29
Q

Sister Mary Joseph’s node

A

ovarian CA

mets to umbilical LN

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30
Q

MC benign ovarian neoplasm

A

dermoid cyst teratomas

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31
Q

incr LH:FSH ratio 3:1

A

PCOS

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32
Q

PCOS Tx, complication

A

combo OCP
spironolactone
metformin

complications: endometrial CA

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33
Q

Pap screening

A

Q2yrs, age 21 or 3yrs of sex
Q3yrs, >=30y/o (if 3neg)
DC 65-70y/o
yearly if incr RF (HIV, DES)

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34
Q

ASC-US

A

HPV test
neg (repeat Pap/HPV in 6-12mo)
pos (colposcopy)

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35
Q

ASC-H

A

colposcopy

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36
Q

LSIL

A

30y/o HPV test

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37
Q

HSIL

A

colposcopy

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38
Q

RF cervical CA

A

smoking, HPV, DES, early sex

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39
Q

Clear Cell carcinoma

A

DES

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40
Q

cervical CA, vulvar CA: MC type

A

squamous

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41
Q

HPV vaccine

A

6, 11, 16, 18

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42
Q

vulvar CA Dx

A

pruritis, red/white ulcerative crusted lesions

43
Q

Tx BV, Trich

A

metronidazole
BV x 7days
Trich x 1dose

44
Q

strawberry cervix

45
Q

Tx Chlamydia, GC

A

Chlamydia: Azithro OR Doxy
GC: Ceftriaxone

46
Q

Haemophilus ducreyi

47
Q

painful genital ulcer, painful inguinal LAD

48
Q

Tx chancroid

A

Azithro OR Ceftriaxone

49
Q

whitening with 4% acetic acid application

50
Q

cauliflower lesions, flesh colored

51
Q

genital warts HPV

52
Q

CA HPV

A

16, 18, 31, 33

53
Q

complication of PID

A

Fitz-Hugh Curtis

54
Q

bartholin cyst- nontender Tx

55
Q

UC >100,000 CFU

A

definitive Dx cystitis/pyelonephritis

56
Q

UTI organism in sexually active

A

Staph saprophyticus

57
Q

Tx UTI in preg

A

amoxicillin, macrobid

NOT cipro

58
Q

OCP for acne

59
Q

absolute CI to OCP

A

smoker >35y/o, biliary/liver dz, HLD, thromboemb, unDx vag bleed, preg, breast CA, hepatic CA

60
Q

OCP in lactating

A

progestin only

61
Q

Lupron

A

GnRH

pulsatile: agonist
cont: antagonist

62
Q

Tamoxifen ADR

A

risk endometrial CA

63
Q

ectopic Dx

A

TVUS: no gest sac, HCG >2000

64
Q

McRoberts maneuver

A

shoulder dystocia Tx

65
Q

US: cluster of grapes

A

molar pregnancy

66
Q

gestational trophoblastic dz

A

molar preg

67
Q

molar preg: sx

A

painless vaginal bleeding
HCG markedly incr >100,000
hyperemesis gravidarum

68
Q

Tx hyperemesis gravidum

A

doxylamine/pyridoxine (B6)

69
Q

fetus normal in: non stress test, contraction stress test

A

non stress test: >=2 accelerations in 20min

stress test: no late decelerations

70
Q

gestational DM screening

A

24-28wks gestation

3hr oral GTT (gold std)

71
Q

Tx gest DM

A

insulin

early delivery 38wks

72
Q

RhoGAM given at

73
Q

PROM test

A

nitrazine pH test…

74
Q

L:S fetal lung immaturity

75
Q

premature labor

A

=3cm, >=80% effacement

76
Q

Tx premature labor

A

tocolytics: Mg sulfate, terbutaline, ritodrine

antenatal corticosteroids (fetal lungs)

77
Q

threatened, spontaneous abortion

A

threatened: possible fetal viability (only one)
spont: before 20wks

78
Q

MCC 1st trimester bleeding

A

threatened abortion

79
Q

threatened, inevitable, incomplete, complete, missed, septic abortion (POC, cervix)

A

threatened: NO, closed- bloody DC; Tx rest, serial HCG
inevitable: NO, dilating
incomplete: some, dilated
complete: all, closed
missed: NO, closed- NO preg sx
septic: some, closed- foul brown DC, F/C

80
Q

3rd trimester bleeding, rigid uterus, fetal bradycardia

A

abruptio placenta

81
Q

Tx placenta previa

A

tocolytics (Mg sulfate)

delivery when fetus stable (L:S>2, >36wks)

82
Q

Tx abruptio placenta

A

immediate delivery

83
Q

painless vaginal bleeding, fetal bradycardia

A

vasa previa
vessels crossing os (pelvic US)
Tx immediate C-section

84
Q

severe pre-eclapmpsia Dx, Tx

A

BP>160/110
proteinuria >5g/24hrs
HELLP

Tx: delivery, BP>180/110: hydralazine

85
Q

Tx eclampsia

A

Mg sulfate

86
Q

triple screen

A

15-20wks

AFP, HCG, estradiol

87
Q

GTT in preg

88
Q

low AFP, high hCG, low estradiol

A

trisomy 21

89
Q

high AFP

A

open neural tube defects

90
Q

low AFP, hCG, estradiol

A

trisomy 18

91
Q

GBS screen

92
Q

Tx post partum hemorrhage

A

oxytocin IV, misoprostol

93
Q

Tx mastitis

A

warm compress, breastfeed

abx (Keflex, Augmentin- Amox/clav, dicloxacillin)

94
Q

breast cyst, incr/decr with menses, tender

A

fibrocystic breast d/o

30-50y/o

95
Q

breast cyst, NO change with menses

A

fibroadenoma

teens-20s

96
Q

BRCA

A

breast, ovarian CA

97
Q

MC breast CA

A

infiltrative ductal carcinoma

in men too

98
Q

scaling, itchy nipples- assoc with what and what?

A

Paget’s

assoc with: DCIS, infiltrative ductal CA

99
Q

suspicious mammogram findings

A

microcalcifications, spiculated mass

100
Q

peau d’orange

A

inflammatory breast CA

101
Q

ER pos meds

A

SERM: tamoxifen, raloxifene

aromatase inhib: letrozole

102
Q

HER2 pos meds

A

herceptin, tykerb, perjeta

103
Q

CBE screening

A

Q3yrs 20-39y/o

Q1yr >40y/o

PANCE (9 decks)

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