OBGYN Flashcards
LH
Theca cells
chol-> androstenedione
FSH
Granulosa cells
aromatase
testosterone-> estrogen
Tanner staging: buds, course/curly hair, areola mound
stage 2: buds
stage 3: curly hair
stage 4: areola mound
estrogens: reproductive, preg, menopause
reproductive yrs: estradiol
preg: estriol
menopause: estrone
DUB: Tx
bleeding: estrogens, OCP
OCP, Medroxyprogesterone, Lupron
Dysmenorrhea: causes, Tx
primary: incr prostaglandins
secondary: pelvic pathology
Tx: NSAIDs
PMDD Tx
gold std: SSRI
amenorrhea: definitions
primary: no menarche by 13y/o NO secondary sex characteristics, 15y/o with characteristics
secondary: no menses for 3mo- previously normal, 9mo- oligo
- hyp: abnorm GnRH (anorexia, stress), N FSH/LH
- pit: decr FSH/LH, incr prolactin (pituitary adenoma)
- ovary: incr FSH/LH, decr E
progesterone challenge test
- withdrawal bleed: ovary (PCOS)
- no bleed: uterus (Asherman’s), hyp
adenomyosis
endometrial tissue in myometrium
TENDER, symmetric, enlarged BOGGY uterus
leiomyoma: population, presentation
uterine fibroids, fibromyoma
Population: AA, >35y/o
Sx: irregular, asymmetric, NONTENDER
BLEEDING
Tx leiomyoma
observe
endometritis MCC
infxn endometrium during preg
MCC: GABHS, S. aureus
C-section, post-abortion
Dx endometritis
fever, abdom pain, uterine tenderness
**C-section, post-abortion
endometriosis: MC location, Tx
location: ovaries
Tx: Progesterone
MCC infertility
endometriosis
endometrial hyperplasia: screening test, definitive test
screening: TVUS
definitive: Bx
MC GYN CA
endometrial CA
RF endometrial CA
Tamoxifen, E, nulliparity, anovulation
when to do endometrial Bx
TVUS: stripe >4mm —- Bx
most sensitive test for menopause
FSH
prevention of osteoporosis in menopause
bisphosphonates, SERM (tamoxifen, raloxifene)
stress incontinence: Tx
sneeze, cough, laugh
Tx surg
urge incontinence: Tx
overactive detrusor, elderly
Tx meds
1st line: anticholinergics
nonselective: oxybutynin, Detrol (NOT elderly)
selective: Vesicare
bladder training
overflow incontinence: PVR, Tx
post void residual >200mL
if bladder atony: catheter 1st line
MC GYN CA mortality
ovarian CA
RF ovarian CA
FH, infertility, nulliparity, >50y/o, BRCA
OCP protective
CA125
ovarian CA - monitor Tx
Sister Mary Joseph’s node
ovarian CA
mets to umbilical LN
MC benign ovarian neoplasm
dermoid cyst teratomas
incr LH:FSH ratio 3:1
PCOS
PCOS Tx, complication
combo OCP
spironolactone
metformin
complications: endometrial CA
Pap screening
Q2yrs, age 21 or 3yrs of sex
Q3yrs, >=30y/o (if 3neg)
DC 65-70y/o
yearly if incr RF (HIV, DES)
ASC-US
HPV test
neg (repeat Pap/HPV in 6-12mo)
pos (colposcopy)
ASC-H
colposcopy
LSIL
30y/o HPV test
HSIL
colposcopy
RF cervical CA
smoking, HPV, DES, early sex
Clear Cell carcinoma
DES
cervical CA, vulvar CA: MC type
squamous
HPV vaccine
6, 11, 16, 18