Obestiy

Question 1

Obesity

Answer 1

polygenic (multiple genetic/environment factors)

Question 2

Types of Obesity

Answer 2

Primary- majority- excessive caloric intake for metabolic demands
Secondary- congential/chromosome, metabolic/cns lesions

Question 3

Primary Obesity

Answer 3

majority- excessive caloric intake for metabolic demands

Question 4

Secondary Obesity

Answer 4

congential/chromosome, metabolic/cns lesions

Question 5

BMI

Answer 5

18.5-Underweight
18.5-24.9 normal
25-29.9 overweight
>30 obese
>40 morbid obese

Question 6

Causes of Obesity

Answer 6

Genes- FTO gene variant
Appetite- hypothalamus from periphery- different hormones and peptides
Environmental- Prepackaged foods, fast foods & soft drinks, portion sizes. Lack of exercise
Psychosocial- emotional, socialization, develops at early age

Obese ppl underestimate food/caloric needs

Question 7

Body Shapes

Answer 7

Android- Apple shape, visceral fat complications

Gynoid- Pear shape, SubQu

Question 8

Complications of Obesity

Answer 8

Mortality increase by 50% if bmi >30
20-40% increase in overweight midlife
Cardiovascular- htn, whr best predictor, resp
Risk of DM, OA, Hyperuricemia, gout, GI & Liver (NASH-non alcoholic steatohepatitis)
Cancer- breast, endometrium, kidney, colon, pancreases, esophagus, gallbladder.

Psychosocial stigma, discrimination

Question 9

Cardiovascular complications of obesity

Answer 9

htn,
waist/hip best predictor,
respiratory