Obesity Treatment: Diet and Physical Activity

Question 1

When do you use drugs to treat?

Answer 1

at BMI 30

Question 2

When do you do surgery

Answer 2

BMI 40

Question 3

Effectiveness- general

Answer 3

Diet/Exercise: 3-10% weight loss
Drugs: 5-10% weight loss
Combination of Diet + Drug: 10-15% weight loss
Surgery: 15-30% weight loss

Question 4

Weight loss timeline

Answer 4

once thought losing by 4-6 months would be good

Now, we see regain as a problem. Need to do strategies forever

Question 5

Lean vs obese RMR?

Answer 5

obese has greater RMR

Question 6

Most practical way to weight loss

Answer 6

reduce food intake==> negative energy balance

Question 7

Best Tools and Strategies for Decreasing Dietary Intake

Answer 7

Food diary is best

also Meal replacements, ↓ portions, Diet Books/Commercial Programs

Question 8

Recommended Nutrient Content of a Weight-Reducing Diet

Answer 8

Carbohydrate> 55%
WHOLE GRAIN

Protein at 15%

Fat less than 30%

Reducing fat, replacing with protein, best thing you can do

Question 9

Diet Energy Density

Answer 9

calories per amount of food weight

energy density of bacon> turkey

Question 10

Just eat less is not_____

Answer 10

an approach

It wont work. Be specific

Question 11

Sleep and weight

Answer 11

Sleep deprivation lead to lower RMR (they lose muscle mass)

Sleep= better RMR

Question 12

Income and BMI

Answer 12

Moving to a lower poverty area (aka high income) shows a decrease in BMI

Question 13

Exercise vs diet

Answer 13

up-front diet is better

maintenance exercise is better

Question 14

Exercise is good for

Answer 14

increase muscle mass
improves appetite regulation- better sense of hunger and thirst
Help BP and CV health

Question 15

Physical activity helps preserve ______ during weight loss

Answer 15

fat-free mass

Question 16

Exercise types

Answer 16

Combo of aerobic and strength lead to best lowering of a1c

Question 17

How much exercise is enough

Answer 17

Minimal public health recommendations to improve health related outcomes

• -30 min moderate activity most days of the week (150 minutes/week)
• • 2 days of strength

Question 18

Behaviors of Successful Long-Term Weight Management

Answer 18

self monitor diet

low cal low fat

eat breakfast

exercise

limit TV

Question 19

SUMMARY

Answer 19

500-1000 kcal/day deficit for weight loss

No diet is best

Use structured approach

Physical activity critical for weight loss maintenance
30-60 minutes per day including walking (10,000 steps/day)

National Weight Control Registry strategies: low-fat diet, breakfast, self-monitoring, large amounts of exercise, limit TV