Nutritional Issues in the Hospital Flashcards

1
Q

When does nutritional depletion occur

A

Normal, not sick 10-14 days

pretty sick or nutritionally depleted and not sick 5-7 days.

Nutritionally depleted and sick 3-5 days

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2
Q

Sick-o-meter: 25-35 kcal/kg/day, the sicker the person, the greater the energy requirement. The bigger the person the greater the energy requirement.

A

more food for sick people
25- kinda normal
35- really sick

more food for big people

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3
Q

What labs can we do to see malnutririon

A

low albumin–> body is making less protein

*but Hx and PE are better than labs

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4
Q

How much should we feed people

A

energy intake= energy out

Harris Benedict equation can give you a calorie amount

Indirect Calorimetry will tell out output

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5
Q

Entral feeding

A

Body prefers this
food into the GI tract. If it is working, feed people this way

Not without risk: aspiration pneumonia, problems placing tube.

liquid food (protein, carbs, vits, water)

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6
Q

Parenteral Feeding

A

IV feeding through a central line

Infection worries

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7
Q

Enteral nutrition may improve __________.

Even a small amount of nutrient to the gut may be helpful.

A

gut barrier function

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8
Q

Very little ______ in standard “house formulas”.

A

Omega 3 fatty acids

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9
Q

Respiratory Failure diet

A

Higher fat and less calories may be beneficial

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10
Q

Liver Disease diet

A

Diets lower in aromatic AA and higher in branched chain AA may be helpful

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11
Q

Renal Failure diet

A

Volume (Na and water) overload is a problem

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12
Q

Burns and Trauma diet

A

Increased energy requirement may be as high as 30-35 kcal/kg/day
May have an increased protein requirement 1-1.5 g/kg/day

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13
Q

Cardiac Diets

A

Hospital may be a time for the patient to learn about nutrition and their health.
Consider a nutrition consult

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14
Q

Fat soluble vitmaines

A

ADEK

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15
Q

C deficiency

A

is scurvy: petechii, hemorrhage

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16
Q

B, Folate: deficiency

A

anemia neural problems

17
Q

Thiamin deficiency

A

Werneke Korsakoff, beri beri: CHF abnormal neurological function

18
Q

Niacin deficiency

A

Pelagra: dementia, dermatitis, delirium