Obesity seminar

Question 1

5 ways in which obesity is defined

Answer 1

BMI 
waist:height ratio
metlife tables 
body fat %
increased body weight and increased body fat

Question 2

What are metlife tables?

Answer 2

adjusts for frame size
desirable weight?
strict measurement protocol
impractical and no longer used

Question 3

How is body fat percentage calculated?

Answer 3

bod pod

not measured directly

Question 4

Is pear or apple shape linked with worse CV risk factors?

Answer 4

apple

Question 5

Who is waist measurements inaccurate in?

Answer 5

heavier individuals

Question 6

How is BMI calculated?

Answer 6

weight in kg

divided by height in metres squared

Question 7

BMI classifications

Answer 7

<18 - underweight 
18-24.9 = heathy 
25-29.9 = overweight
>30 = obese 
>40 - severely obese

Question 8

What shape of curve does BMI and death follow?

Answer 8

j shaped
underweight eg anorexia
obese and overweight predominate

Question 9

Limitations of BMI

Answer 9

muscle
pregnancy
amputation

Question 10

Causes of obesity

Answer 10

energy intake > energy ouput
BMR decrease with age
individual influences

Question 11

increased intake - internal and external factors

Answer 11

personal

social circumstances

Question 12

Decreased output - internal and external factors

Answer 12

physical ability

availability

Question 13

List some effects of obesity

Answer 13

diabetes 
hypertension 
cerebrovascular disease
infertility 
restrictive lung disease
colon cancer 
DVT, PE 
osteoarthritis

Question 14

How we manage diabetes

Answer 14

prevention
lifestyle
pharmacotherapy
surgery

Question 15

2 forms of bariatric surgery

Answer 15

gastric band

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Question 16

Why does exercise and weight loss help improve insulin sensitivity?

Answer 16

visceral fat loss

reduced waist circumference

Question 17

What makes up our assessment of an obese patient?

Answer 17

diet 
medical 
physical activity 
emotional wellbeing 
dietetic behaviour 
social 
expectations
targets

Question 18

What is a protein sparing modified fast

Answer 18

no more than 40g CHO per day

Question 19

Advantages of protein sparing modified fast

Answer 19

ketosis and mobilisation of fat stores
hypothalamic satiating effect on amino acids
slower digestion and increased thermic effect
hypocaloric

Question 20

Disadvantages of protein sparing modified fast

Answer 20

max of 12 weeks in type 2 DM
renal and liver function test
variable results
most patients regain the weight