Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Diabetes & Endocrinology > Clinical aspects of pituitary disease > Flashcards

Clinical aspects of pituitary disease Flashcards

1
Q

What does hypersecretion of GH lead to?

A

acromegaly

gigantism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does hypersecretion of ACTH lead to?

A

Cushings disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does hypersecretion of prolactin lead to?

A

hyperprolactinaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Soft tissue overgrowth of acromegaly

A 
hands like spades - rings 
feet - shoe size 
coarse facial features
thick lips and tongue 
carpal tunnel syndrome 
sweating
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Complications of acromegaly

A 
headache 
chiasmal compression 
hypertension 
diabetes mellitus 
cardiomyopathy 
sleep apnoea 
colonic polyps 
osteoarthritis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is acromegaly diagnosed

A 
GH not suppressed by an OGTT 
IGF1 elevated 
MRI for pituitary tumour 
pituitary function 
vision
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does sodium do in terms of sodium retention?

A

cause hypertension and heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why does cortisol cause diabetes?

A

insulin antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

List some high value signs of cushings disease

A 
skin atrophy 
proximal myopathy 
spontaneous purpura 
growth arrest 
osteoporosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

List some mid value sings of cushings disease

A

pink striae
moon face
hirsutism
oedema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

List some low value signs of cushings disease

A

central obesity

hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

2 causes of ACTH dependent cushings

A

pituitary tumour - cushing’s disease

Ectopic ACTH eg lung carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

2 causes of ACTH independent cushings

A

adrenal tumour - adenoma or carcinoma

CCS therapy eg IBD, asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hirsutism

A

Excessive hair growth in females which represents a normal male hair growth pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How hyperprolactinaemia can present in women

A

galactorrhoea
infertility
menstrual irregularity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How hyperprolactinaemia can present in men

A 
galactorrhoea 
headache 
impotence 
visual field abnormalities 
extraocular muscle weakness 
anterior pituitary malfunction
17
Q

Physiological causes of hyperprolactinaemia

A

pregnancy, lactation, stress

18
Q

Pharmacological causes of hyperprolactinaemia

A

DA depleting and DA antagonists

19
Q

Pathological causes of hyperprolactinaemia

A

Primary hypothyroidism

pituitary lesion eg prolactinoma or pituitary stalk lesion

20
Q

4 drug types which may cause hyperprolactinaemia

A

DA antiagonists eg antiemetics
DA depleting drugs
anti-depressants
oestrogens - not OCP

21
Q

Adult signs of hypopituarism

A

tired, weight gain, depression
reduced libido, impotence, menstrual problems
skin problems, reduced body hair

22
Q

Child signs of hypopituarism

A

stunted linear growth

delayed puberty

23
Q

How is cranial diabetes investigated and what causes this?

A

lack of vasopressin

water deprivation test - urine does not concentrate

24
Q

Differential diagnosis for cranial diabetes insipidus

A

idiopathic
post trauma
brain tumours
rare eg sarcoidosis

25
Q

Medications used for hypersecretion (+name which one)

A

DA agonist - hyperprolactinaemia (prolactinoma)
GH receptor agonist - acromegaly
GHIH analogue - acromegaly

26
Q

Hyposecretion medications

A

T4, GH, sex steroid, cortisol, desmopressin

27
Q

What is desmopressin? what is it used for?

A

analogue of vasopressin

diabetes insipidus

28
Q

Tumour treatment

A

surgery - transsphenoidal

radiotherapy

29
Q

Is surgery especially for functional or non functional pituitary tumours? what disease specifically?

A

non functional

cushings

30
Q

beneficial affects of somatostatin analogues on acromegaly

A

improve soft tissue overgrowth, sleep apnoea, sweating, headache
normalise GH and IGF1
induce tumour shrinkage

31
Q

Adverse effects of somatostatin analogues on acromegaly

A

nausea, cramps, diarrhoea, flatulence
cholesterol gallstones
high cost
monthly I’m/sc injections

32
Q

What can pituitary radiotherapy cause?

A

hypopituarism

33
Q

Microprolactinoma

A

<10mm, usually shrink

DA agonist

34
Q

Macroprolactinoma

A

> 1mm, DA agonist

fall in serum PRL, tumour shrink, visual improvement

Diabetes & Endocrinology (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions