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LCRS Y2: Endocrinology > Obesity and the endocrine control of food intake > Flashcards

Obesity and the endocrine control of food intake Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the positioning of the arcuate nucleus

A

Sits above median eminence

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2
Q

Recall the 2 neuronal populations of the arcuate nucleus and whether they are stimulatory inhibitory

A

NPY/AgRP - stimulatory

POMC - inhibitory

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3
Q

Describe the action of the melanocortin system

A

AgRP projects onto AgRP in PVN –> neg effect on MC4R = endogenous antagonist.
POMC projects onto alphaMSH in PVN –> pos effect on MC4R

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4
Q

Describe the symptoms of a POMC deficiency

A

Pale, ginger and obese

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5
Q

What effect does leptin have on the melanocortin system?

A

Activates POMC

Inhibits NPY/AgRP

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6
Q

Where is glucagon released from?

A

Stomach

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7
Q

Describe the structure of ghrelin

A

28 amino acids + octanyl FA chain

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8
Q

Describe the role of GOAT in GI regulation

A

GOAT = ghrelin-O-acyltransferase - interacts with octanyl fatty acid group on ghrelin

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9
Q

Recall the 3 effector functions of ghrelin

A

Stimulates NPY/ AgRP
Inhibit POMC
Increased appetite

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10
Q

Where is GLP1 released from?

A

L cells of the intestine

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11
Q

What is encoded by the preproglucagon gene?

A

GLP1 and PYY

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12
Q

When is GLP1 secreted?

A

Post-prandially

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13
Q

Describe the incretin role of GLP1

A

Bigger release of insulin when nutrients enter circulation via gut than IV

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14
Q

What are GLP1-based drugs used for?

A

Anti-diabetic drugs

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15
Q

Recall 2 mechanisms of action of pro-GLP1 drugs

A
  1. Inhibit DPPG4

2. Agonise GLP1R

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16
Q

Recall a synthetic form of GLP1 and a reason for its use

A

Saxenda

Not so susceptible to breakdown

17
Q

Describe the structure of PYY and active PYY

A

PYY: 38 amino acids

Truncated to 36 amino acids to activate

18
Q

Recall 3 effector functions of PYY

A

Inhibits NPY
Stimulates POMC
Decreases appetite

19
Q

About what % of BMI is accounted for by genes?

A

60-80%

20
Q

Name 2 theories that have attempted to explain the genetic component of BMI

A

Thrifty gene

Drifty gene

LCRS Y2: Endocrinology (18 decks)

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