Obesity and pregnancy Flashcards
Define obesity
> 30 BMI
What is the BMI calculation?
weight in kg/(height in m)^2
What are the classes of obesity?
1 - 30.0-34.9
2 - 35.0-39.9
3 - 40+
Give 3 causes of obesity
Genetics Poor diet Lack of exercise Hypothyroidism Cushing's Mediation side effects
Give 2 medications with a side effect of causing obesity
Medications for schizophrenia
Antidepressants
Corticosteroids
Give 2 pregnancy risks with obesity
T2DM
Heart disease
Anaesthetic risk
Give 2 maternal risks with obesity
GDM Pre-eclampsia Thromboembolism Labour issus Haemorrhage Infection
Give 2 foetal risks with obesity
Miscarriage/death Congenital abnormalities Prematurity Macosomia LGA RDS
Give 2 child risks with obesity
Obesity
DM
Cardiovascular dysfunction
Congenital and behaviour disorders
How much exercise is recommended per week?
150 mins moderate
What is the epigenetic thrifty hypothesis?
Maternal over nutrition leads to modification of specific foetal genes and altered gene expression
What is the mechanism for macrosomia?
- peripheral and hepatic insulin resistance
- increased fuels
- inflammatory state
- altered adipocyte function and size
- increased mRNA in adipocyte foetal genes
- macrosomia
What is Pederson’s hypothesis?
Increased maternal glucose Increased foetal glucose Increased foetal insulin Increased foetal fat deposition =macrosomia
What is the pre-pregnancy management of obesity?
Lose weight and education
Daily folic acid
What is the pregnancy management of obesity?
No diet 5mg folic acid 10mcg vitamin D Anticoagulants Foetal monitoring GDM, pre-eclampsia, thromboembolism screening
