obesity Flashcards
how many admissions in NHS hospitals were there where obesity was a factor
In 2016/17, there were 617 thousand admissions in NHS hospitals where obesity was a factor. This is an increase of 18 per cent on 2015/16.
around 2 in every 3 patients were female
in 2016 what percentage of adults were classified as obese, and how does this compare to previously
In 2016, 26 per cent of adults were classified as obese. This has increased from 15 per cent in 1993 but has remained at a similar level since 2010.
what percentage of adults and children consumed 5 or more portions of fruit and vegetables a day
In 2016, 26 per cent of adults and 16 per cent of children consumed 5 or more portions of fruit and vegetables a day.
give fact on presence of obesity in primary school years
In 2016/17, 1 in 5 children in Year 6 and 1 in 10 children in Reception were classified as obese.
what is bariatric surgery
Bariatric surgery encompasses a group of procedures that can be performed to facilitate weight loss, although these procedures can also be performed for other conditions. It includes stomach stapling, gastric bypasses, sleeve gastrectomy and gastric band maintenance.
in general who is bariatric surgery used for
In general, such surgery is used in the
treatment of obesity for people with a BMI above 40, or those with a BMI between 35 and 40 who have health problems such as type 2 diabetes or heart disease.
how many bariatric surgeries took place
In 2016/17 there were 6,760 Finished Consultant Episodes (FCEs) with a primary diagnosis of obesity and a main or secondary procedure of bariatric surgery.
This is 23% less than the peak in 2011/12, but 5% more than in 2015/16
describe the distribution in age and sex of those having bariatric surgeries
Over three quarters of patients (78%) were aged between 35 and 64.
Bariatric surgery by sex
Over three quarters (77%) of patients were female.
how many items were prescribed for the treatment of obesity in primary care in 2017
401 thousand items were prescribed for the treatment of obesity in primary care in 2017. That is 10% less items than in 2016 and continues a downward trend since a peak of 1.45 million in 2009.
what was the Net Ingredient Cost (NIC) of items prescribed for the treatment of obesity in primary care in 2017
The NIC in 2017 was £6.9 million, which has fallen from £9.9 million in 2016, and from £51.6 million in 2007.
what was the NIC per item of items prescribed for the treatment of obesity in primary care in 2017
The NIC per item in 2017 was £17, which is £5 lower than 2016, and less than half compared to 10 years ago.
what bmi classifies someone as overweight, and what classifies someone as obese
In adults, a BMI of 25kg/m² to 29.9kg/m² means that person is considered to be overweight, a BMI of 30kg/m² or higher means that person is considered to be obese.
what does bmi not distinguish between
BMI does not distinguish between mass due to body fat and mass due to muscular physique, nor the distribution of fat. In order to measure abdominal obesity, waist circumference is measured, and categorised into desirable, high and very high, by sex-specific thresholds
what percentage of men and women were morbidly obese in 2016
2% of men and 4% of women were morbidly obese in 2016.
what is the prevalence by sex of being overweight and of being obese in 2016/17
men:
Overweight: 40%
Obese: 26%
women:
Overweight: 30%
Obese: 27%
what is the relationship of obesity prevalence and area deprivation
Obesity prevalence varied with area deprivation in women but not in men: 38% of women in the most deprived areas were obese, compared with 20% of women in the least deprived areas.
what percentage of each class of weight in people said they were trying to lose weight
74% of obese adults, 53% of overweight adults, and 24% of adults who were not overweight or obese, said they were trying to lose weight.
Women were more likely than men to be trying to lose weight: 80% of obese women compared with 68% of obese men; 65% of overweight women compared with 44% of overweight men.
figures on perception of weight by gender
87% of obese adults, and 50% of overweight adults, thought they were too heavy. 9% of adults who were not overweight or obese said they were too heavy.
For all BMI categories, women were more likely than men to say they were too heavy.
figures on proportion of people using weight management aids
Overall 39% of adults reported current use of at least one weight management aid.
The majority of them said they were going to the gym or doing other exercise (29%).
Half (50%) of people who said they were trying to lose weight were not currently using any weight management aids.
what diseases and health conditions are people who have obesity at increased risk of
type 2 diabetes
high blood pressure
high cholesterol and atherosclerosis (where fatty deposits narrow your arteries), which can lead to coronary heart disease and stroke
asthma
metabolic syndrome (a combination of diabetes, high blood pressure and obesity)
several types of cancer, including bowel cancer, breast cancer and womb cancer
gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) (where stomach acid leaks out of the stomach and into the gullet)
gallstones
reduced fertility
osteoarthritis (a condition involving pain and stiffness in your joints)
sleep apnoea (a condition that causes interrupted breathing during sleep, which can lead to daytime sleepiness with an increased risk of road traffic accidents, as well as a greater risk of diabetes, high blood pressure and heart disease)
liver disease and kidney disease
pregnancy complications, such as gestational diabetes or pre-eclampsia (when a woman experiences a potentially dangerous rise in blood pressure during pregnancy)
what is the average number of years that obesity reduces life expectancy by
Obesity reduces life expectancy by an average of 3 to 10 years, depending on how severe it is.
what proportion of deaths in europe is obesity and being overweight estimated to contribute to
It’s estimated that obesity and being overweight contribute to at least 1 in every 13 deaths in Europe.
